ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparing the Mental Health of Female Athlete and Non-Athlete Students in the City of Indica
Objective: The present study aimed to compare mental health of female athlete and non-athlete students in the city of Indica. The research methodology was a descriptive survey, which initially described the mental health and then compared it among the students. Methods: The statistical population of the study included all high school girls in the academic year of 2012-2013 in the city of Indica accounting for 919 subjects. The sampling was done in this study by two methods of census (enumeration) and multi-stage cluster random sampling. Due to the limited number of athletes (85 subjects), all were included in the study sample. Of the non-athletic population, 106 non-athlete subjects were selected using Cochran formula by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The measurement tool in this study was the Goldberg and Hiller GHQ Standard Questionnaire (1979) consisting of two parts. The first part includes demographic information, including questions about demographic and individual characteristics of study samples such as age, type of illness, etc. The second part consisted of 28 questions to measure four subscales (somatic symptoms, anxiety, social functioning and depression). The reliability (reliability coefficient) of the questionnaire was obtained as 0.85 through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For data analysis, the descriptive statistics was used in order to summarize the data, and the inferential statistics, including Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to test the hypotheses. Results: The results showed significant differences between physical symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression in two groups of female athlete and non- athlete students.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7987_f69649f5a4397b4610e11a1fa6344cc4.pdf
2014-07-01
2191
2196
mental health
Physical symptoms
Symptoms of Anxiety
social dysfunction
Depression Symptoms
Fatemeh
Talebzadeh
1
Department of Physical Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Talebzadeh
mohammadtaleb79@yahoo.com
2
Department of Physical Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Maryam
Abrahimian
3
Department of English Sciences Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Abolghasemi, S., 2000. The relationship between anxiety and TM; Paper presented in national conference on mental health, Islamic Azad University Tonekabon.
1
Asadi, M.H., Barati, S.F., Bahmani, B., 2003. Evaluation of general health
2
esteem in male athlete students participating in the second olympic sports of
3
universities of medical sciences. Medicine and Purification Journal. 44, 40-49.
4
Esfahani, N., 2003. Effects of exercise on mental health regarding physical, anxiety and sleep disorders, social dysfunction and depression dimensions of the students of Alzahra University, Al Zahra University, Harkat
5
Lotfabad, A., 2006. Development Psychology: Adolescence, Youth, adulthood; Tehran, Samt publishing.
6
Bakhtiarpour, R., 2012. Study the Mental Health Status of Sports Teachers in Hamadan, Master's Thesis, Physical education field, BuAli Sina University.
7
Jamshidi, R., 2010. The relationship between mental health and physical fitness in female athlete and nonathlete students, Master's thesis, physical education field, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch.
8
Hosseini, H., Kazemi, S.H., Shahbaznezhad, L., 2007. Study the relationship between exercise and mental health in students, Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 53, 97-104.
9
Hemayt Talab, R., Bazazan, S., Lahmi, R., 2004. A comparison on happiness and mental health in female athlete and non-athlete students of Universities of Tehran and Payam Noor Universities. Harkat Journal. 18,131-140.
10
Sobhani, Y., 2011. Description and comparison the mental health of male students in the fields of physical education and science and medical sciences, Kermanshah Razi University, Master's Thesis, Physical education,
11
Kermanshah University.
12
Samie, S., 2012. Study the mental health status of staff and its association with physical activity in Education departments, Nahavand, Master's thesis, Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch.
13
Ali Nejad, H., 2010. Study the Effects of Physical Activity on psychological Status of Cancer Patients. Master's Thesis, Rehabilitation field, Iran University of Medical Sciences.
14
Ann, P.N., 2007. Health-related quality of life in adolescents/adults after the Fontan procedure, University of California, Los Angeles. pp: 186.
15
Gebska-Kuezerowska, A., 2002. Assessment of the impact of physical activity of the health status of elderly people. Przeg Epidemiol. 56 (3), 471-477.
16
Knechtle, B., 2012. Influence of physical activity on mental well – being and psychiatric disorders. institut fur sportmedizin. schweizer parapleiker – zentrum. Notlwi. beat. schwe iz Rundsh medprax. August.
17
Mummery, K., 2009. physical activity dose – response effects on mental health status in older a dults. school of health and Human performance . central Quee nsland univer sity . Rockhampton . Queensland . Aust Nzj public
18
Health. April.
19
Saavedra, J.M., La Cruz, E., 2007. Influence of a mediumimpact aquaerobic program on health-related quality of life and fitness level in healthy adult female. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 47 (4). 468.
20
Vuillemin, A., Boini, S., Bertrais, S., Tessier, S., Oppert, J.M., Hercberg, S., Guillemin, F., Briançon, S., 2005. Leisure time physical activity and health-related quality of life. prevmed, August. 41 (2), 562-9.
21
Wang, Y.T., 2010. Effects of tai chi exercise on physical and mental health of college students. Department of ahysical therapy therapy. ceorgia state university. World Health Organization .1998. Health Gools for The
22
year 2010, Life style for Health, fitness and Wellness.Vahdaninia M. Health related quality of life in elderly. Journal of Payesh. 4, 113-120.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Spider Silk Pholcus Phalangioides Against Two Bacterial Pathogens in Food Borne
Objective: Due to the alarming increase the incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases and increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics need to discover new strong antimicrobial compounds is feeling.Methods: In this study, the antimicrobial properties of spider silk Pholcus phalangioides produced in sterile conditions against two bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes and Esherichia coli with using well diffisiuon method and Macro Broth Dillution method was evaluated. Results: The results showed that the antimicrobial compounds present in the solution spider silk greater inhibitory effect on gram-positive bacteria L. monocytogenes than Gram-negative bacteria E. coli.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7988_b679dd416ea5e1f8418eacf2dca00b56.pdf
2014-07-01
2197
2199
Antimicrobial activity
Pholcus Phalangioides
Food Borne
Hassan
Roozbahani
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Asmar
mahdi.assmar@yahoo.com
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Naser
Ghaemi
3
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Khosro
Issazadeh
issa_kaam@yahoo.com
4
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Chakraborty, D.S., 2009. Antibacterial activities of cobweb protein. European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.
1
Gomes, S.C, Leonor, I., B, Mano, J.F., 2010. Functionalized
2
silk biomaterials for bone regeneration. Semana de engenharia. PP: 1-2.
3
Gellynck, K., Kiekens, P., Mertens, J., 2006. Coconzijde en
4
spinrag in weefselengineering silk and spider silk in tissue engineering. Academiejaar. PP: 1-220.
5
Heimer, S., 1988. Wunderbare Welt der Spinnen, Urania. Mohamed, E.S. Mirghani., Kabbashi, N.A., Efaki, F.A., M. Z. Fahmi B. Zulkifli., 2012. Investigation of the spider web for antibacterial activity. Malaysian International Conference on Trends in Bioprocess Engineering. 201, 1-5.
6
May, T.B., Shinabarger, D., Mahara, J., 2000. Alginat synthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a key pathogenic factor in chronic pulmonary infection of cystic fibrosis patients. Clinical Microbiology Review. 2, 191-192.
7
Nelmerk, W., 2005. National committee for clinical laboratory standards. Approved standard method for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility test for bacteria, 3, 278-294.
8
Zuridah, H., Fairoz, A.R.M., Zakri, A.H.Z., Rahim, M.N.A., 2008. In vitro antibacterial activity of Nigell sativa against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 3, 331-333.
9
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Investigation of Mutations and Comparison of Leptin Gene Pro-Motor in Najdi Cattle with the Database NCBI Sequences
Objective: Identity the genetic aspects and major gene influence on energy balance, milk production, fertility, food safety and consumer are the recent interests of genetic and breeding researchers. Methods: Najdi Cattle is the most prominent breeds in Khuzestan province. To do this plan in Shoushtar Najdi Cattle Station, blood samples were taken from 15 Najdi Cattles. DNA was extracted from whole blood using the method of Boom et al and polymerase chain reaction took for amplification of two fragments 544 bp and 566 bp. After ensuring the accuracy of the duplicated sequences on 1% agarose gel, sequencing was performed and the Leptin gene promoter components pointed out in Najdi Cattle. In this study, the six mutations identified in the first fragment 566 bp. In these mutations, 2 types of them were point mutations including Transition and Transversion, and 4 mutations were Frame shift which included Deletion (3kinds) and Insertion (1kind). In the second fragment 544 bp, 2 point mutations (transition and Transversion) and 1 Frame shift mutation (deletion) were appeared, in the Leptin gene pro-motor region. Also, in this study, the sequences related to each sample was compared in the two fragments in the aspect of similarity with other documented sequences, that BLAST results showed that high percentage of similarity. Results: According to the obtained results, it could be said that the sequence of leptin gene of Najdi cattle in Khuzestan province is similar to other documented sequences and there are a high-similarity percentage between current samples’ sequences and those documented in global information bank.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7989_ec5074a11c8b9cd7e6165b0f05cd2121.pdf
2014-07-01
2200
2207
Leptin gene
PCR
Promoter
Mutation
Fatemeh
Amraei
amraei.fa@gmail.com
1
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Industries, Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahwaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hedayatollah
Roshanfekr
2
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Industries, Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahwaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Jamal
Fayazi
3
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Industries, Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahwaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Bojarpour
4
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Industries, Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahwaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal, R., Rout, P.K., Singh, S.K., 2008. Leptin: A bio molecule for enhancing livestock productivity. Indian. J. Biotechnol. 8, 169-176.
1
Barb, C.R., Hausman, G.J., Housecknecht, K.L., 2001. Biology of leptin in the pig. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 21, 297-317.
2
Boom, R., Sol. C.J.A., Salimans, M.M.M., Jansen, C.L., Wertheim-van Dillen, P.M.E., van Der Noordaa, J., 1990. Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28, 495-503.
3
Buchanan, F.C., Fitzsimmons, C.J., Van Kessel, A.G., Thue, T.D., Winkelman, D.C., Schmutz, S.M., 2002. Association of a missense mutation in the bovine leptin gene with carcass fat content and leptin mRNA levels. Genet. Sel.
4
Evol. 34, 105-116.
5
Cunningham, M.J., Clifton, D.K., Steiner, R.A., 1999. Leptins actions on the reproductive axis: perspectives and mechanisms. Bio. Reprod. 60, 216-222.
6
Galehdari, H., Foroghmand, A., Roshanfekr, H. A., Nazari, M., 2006. Genetic engineering Comprehensive. Golhaye Behesht Publication, Ahvaz, Iran (in Persian).
7
Javanmard, A., Khaledi, K., Asadzadeh, N., Solimanifarjam, A.R., 2010. Detection of polymorphisms in the bovine leptin (LEP) gene: association of single nucleotide polymorphism with breeding value of milk traits in
8
Iranian Holstein Cattle. J. Mol. Gene. 2, 10–14.
9
Lagonigro, R., Wiener, P., Pilla, F., Woolliams, J.A.,
10
Williams, J.L., 2003. A new mutation in the coding region of the bovine leptin gene associated with feed intake. Anim. Gene. 34, 371- 374.
11
Liefers, S.C., Pas, M.F.W., Veerkamp, R.F., Van der Lende, T., 2002. Associations between leptin gene polymorphisms and production, live weight, energy balance, feed intake, and fertility in Holstein heifers. J. Dairy. Sci. 85: 227–238.
12
T., Melonek, J., Switonski, M., Strabel, T., 2004. Short Communication: Effect of Leptin Gene Polymorphisms on Breeding Value for Milk Production Traits. J. Dairy. Sci. 87, 3925-3927
13
Meier, U., Gressner, A.M., 2004. Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism: review of pathobiochemical and clinical chemical aspects of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin. Clin Chem. 50, 1511-1525.
14
Nobari, K., Ghazanfari, S., Nassiry, M.R., Tahmoorespur, M., Jorjani E., 2010. Relationship between leptin gene polymorphism with economical traits in Iranian Sistani and Brown Swiss Cows. J. Anim. Vet. Advan. 9, 2807-2810.
15
Taniguchi, Y., Itoh, T., Yamada, T., Sasaki Y., 2002. Genomic Structure and Promoter Analysis of the Bovine Leptin Gene. Iubmb Life. 53, 131-135.
16
Terence Austen, B., 2011. Gene cloning and DNA analysis an introduction: The house of biotechnology publisher. P, 440.
17
Zhang, F., Basinski, M.B., Beals, J.M., Briggs ,S.L., Churgay, L.M., (1997). Crystal structure of obese protein leptinEloo. Nature. 387, 206-209.
18
Zhou, H., Hickford, J.G., Gong H., 2009. Identification of allelic polymorphism in the ovine leptin gene. Mol. Biotechnol. 41: 22 – 25.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Membrane Biological Reactors (MBR) and Their Applications for Water Reuse
Know days, pollution made by the wastewater in rivers and other water body’s is one of the main concerns of environmental engineers. Membrane bioreactors are one of the earliest methods for treating swage and also to produce water that is acceptable for reuse purposes. The term membrane bioreactor expresses a combination of activated sludge and membrane separation processes. The need to processes like sedimentation and disinfection used in common methods is eliminated through MBR systems in a way that membranes are placed into or out of an aeration tank and the vacuumed wastewater created by the suction pump is pulled up from inside the membranes and leaves the Mixed Liquid Suspended Solids (MLSS) inside the aeration tank. MBR allows biological processes to work in a long SRT (20 to 100 days generally) and therefore concentration of the MLSS can increase even higher than 10000 mg/l. 93-99% removal of BOD, COD and 85-97% nitrification performance has been proved by different experiments. Membrane filtration removes biological pollutants, particulate materials and colloid dilution, turbidity, microorganisms, suspension impurities and elements such as iron and manganese. Concerning the advantages of this system, smaller required space due to the omission of sedimentation tank, extra disposable sludge production reduction about 60-75 percent, constant effluent quality and its independence from influent can be mentioned. Membrane fouling and its periodic replacement are the main disadvantages of this system. Membrane bioreactor technology can be used as a technology to treat different types of wastewater and to produce effluent with a good and suitable quality for reusing.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7990_5459d99f308ed5e32dbe95c9ae0c2901.pdf
2014-07-01
2208
2216
membrane bioreactor
Activated sludge
Membrane fouling
Reuse
Wastewater treatment
Farshad
Golbabaei Kootenaei
farshadgolbabaei@yahoo.com
1
Young Researchers and Elite Club; Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch, Qaemshahr, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hasan
Aminirad
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
Adema, M., Benson, H., 2001. Membrane biological nonoily wastewater treatment systems for ships, Virginia.
1
Aileen, N.L., Kim, S., 2007. A mini-review of modeling studies on membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment for municipal wastewaters, Desalination. 212, 261–281.
2
Bridle, K., Stephenson, T., Semmens, M.J., 2009. pilotplant treatment of a high-strength Bewery wastewater using a membrane-aeration bioreactor, 71, 1197-2004.
3
Buer, T., Cumin, J., 2010. MBR module design and operation, Desalination. 250, 1073–1077.
4
Crites, R., Tchobnanoglous, G., 2013. Small and decentralized wastewater management systems, McGraw Hill Inc.
5
Eckenfelder, W., 2010. Industrial water pollution control. McGraw Hill Inc..
6
Gander, M., Jefferson, B., Judd, S., 2014. Membrane bioreactors for use in small wastewater treatment plants: membrane materials and effluent quality, Water. Sci. Technol. (In press).
7
Gander, M., Jefferson, B., Judd, S., 2000. Aerobic MBRs for domestic wastewater treatment: a review with cost considerations, Separation and Purification. 18. 119-130.
8
Judd, S., 2006. The MBR book: Principles and applications of membrane bioreactors in water and wastewater treatment. Elsevier, Oxford.
9
Le-Clech, P., Chen, V., Fane, A.G., 2006. Fouling in membrane bioreactors used for wastewater treatment – A review, J. Memb. Sci. 284, 17-53.
10
Massé, A., 2004. Bioréacteurs à membranes immerges pour le traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines spécificités physico-chimiques du milieu biologique et colmatage, Thèse INSA Tououse, N°ordre 759.
11
Metcalf & Eddy. 2004. Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc.
12
Ognier, S., Wisniewski, C., Grasmick, A., 2002. Influence of macromolecule adsorption during filtration of a membrane bioreactor mixed liquor suspension, J. Membr. Sci. 209, 27–37.
13
Pouet, M.F., Grasmick, A., Homer, F., Nauleau, F., Cornier, J.C., 2011. Tertiary treatment of urban wastewater by cross-flow microfiltration, 17th Biennial Int. Conf., Budapest, 24–29 July.
14
Schwartz, T.C., Herring, B.R., 2001. The first year's performance of a membrane bioreactor compared with conventional wastewater treatment of domestic waste, Proceedings of WEFTEC.
15
Sharrer, M.J., Ferrier, Y., Tal, D., Hankins, J.A., Summerfelt, S.T., 2007. Membrane biological reactor treatment of a saline backwash flow from a recirculating aquaculture system, Aquac. Eng. 36, 159–176.
16
Smith, C.W., Gregorio, D., Taleott, R.M., 2009. The use of ultrafiltration membrane for activated sludge separation, Presented at the 24th Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, 1300–1310.
17
Stephenson, T., Judd, S., Jefferson, B., Brindle, K., 2000. Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment. IWA Publishing, London.
18
Tardieu, E., Grasmick, A., Geaugey, V., Manem, J., Xing, C.H., 2012. Pilot study of domestic wastewater tretment by ceramic membrane bioreactor. Treatment performances and fouling characterisation, Wefuec,
19
Singapore, 8–11 March.
20
Till, S., Mallia, H., 2001. Membrane Bioreactors: Wastewater Treatment Applications to Achieve High Quality Effluent, Presented at the 64th Annual Water Industry Engineers and Operators Conference.
21
Verberk, J., Vandijk, H., 2002. Research on AirFlush: distribution of water and air in tubular and capillary membrane modules, Berichte aus dem IWW RheinischWestfälisches Institut für Wasserforschung.
22
Wisniewski, C., 2007. Membrane bioreactor for water reuse, Desalination. 203, 15–19.
23
Yang, W., Cicek, N., Ilg, J., 2006. State-of-the-art of membrane bioreactors: Worldwide research and commercial applications in North America, J. Membr. Sci. 270, 201–211.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Fourth Lumbar Vertebra in Method of Finite Element Analysis
Objective: In this paper, finite element model of the L4 vertebra subjected to combination of compression and flexion loading in isotropic and anisotropic cases is investigated. Methods: In both cases, the vertebra is considered homogeneous. Also, the body of vertebra is divided to cancellous and cortical sections in anisotropic model, but the process is assumed isotropic such as isotropic model. The maximum Von Mises stress on the fourth lumbar vertebrae is obtained. Also, the stress intensity factor is analyzed with placing a small crack on the critical region of the model from view point of fracture mechanics. Furthermore, the required force for the fracture of fourth lumbar vertebrae is obtained through increasing the applied force for assumed model. Results: The results show that the highest stress value and its position is 7.237MPa in the upper pedicle region for anisotropic property of vertebrae. At the end of this article, stress intensity factors in different aspect ratios of crack for anisotropic vertebrae under combination of flexion and compression loading are plotted.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7991_080b29922fd85bda88982bf0ca94d8b1.pdf
2014-07-01
2217
2224
Maximum stress Finite
Element analysis
Fourth lumbar vertebrae
Fracture toughness
stress intensity factor
Majid
Ghadiri
ghadiri@eng.ikiu.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas
Khanmohammadi
2
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Mahdavi
3
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Marzieh
Ahmadi
4
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Tahereh
Mirzaei
5
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Easy
6
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad, Z., Arifin A.K., 2010. Probabilistic stress analysis of the Human lumbar spine extended finite element method. The 11th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Conference. Melaka, 7-10 December. 1-5.
1
Bonfield, W., Grynpas, M.D., Young, R.J., 1978. Crack velocity and the fracture of bone. J. Biomechanics. 1, 473-479.
2
Chena, S.H., Zhongb, Z.C., Chenc, C.S., 2009. Biomechanical comparison between lumbar disc arthroplasty and fusion. J. Medical Engineering & Physics. 31, 244-253.
3
Hernandez, C.J., Beaupre, G.S., Keller, T.S., 2001. The influence of bone volume fraction and ash fraction on bone strength and modulus. J. Bone. 29, 74-78.
4
Herrera, A., Panisello, J.J, Ibarz, E., 2007. Long-term study of bone remodeling after femoral stem: A comparison between dexa and finite element simulation. J. Biomechanics. 40, 15-25.
5
Isaac, M., Graham, A., 2011. probabilistic assessment of vertebral cortical bone fracture of intraosteonal structures. MSc Thesis, University of Wright State. USA.
6
Kayabasi, O., Ekici, B., 2008. Probabilistic design of a newly designed cemented hip prosthesis using finite element method. J. Materials and Design. 29, 963-971.
7
Kuo, C.S., Hu, H.T., Lin, R.M., 2010. Biomechanical analysis of the lumbar spine on facet joint force an intradiscal pressure-a finite element study. J. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 11, 1-13.
8
Kurtz, S.M., Edidin, A.A., 2006. Spine Technology Handbook. Elsevier.
9
Nabhani, F., Wake, M., 2002. Computer modeling and stress analysis of the lumbar spine. J. Materials Processing Technology. 127, 40-47.
10
Norman, T.L., Vashishth, D., Burr, D. B., 1994. Fracture toughness of human bone under tension. J. Biomechanics. 28, 309-320.
11
Odin, G., Savoldelli, C., Bouchard, P.O., 2010. Determination of young’s modulus of mandibular bone using inverse analysis. J. Medical Engineering & Physics. 32, 630-637.
12
Parker, A.P., 1981. The mechanics of fracture and fatigue: an introduction. Newyork.
13
Weisse, B., Aiyangar, A.K., Affolter, C., 2012. Determination of the translational and rotational stiffnesses of an L4–L5 functional spinal unit using a specimen-specific finite element model. J. Mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 13, 45- 61.
14
White, A., Panjabi, M., 1990. Clinical biomechanics of the spine. Second ed. J.B. Lippincott Company. 1-84.
15
Xia, Q.T., Tan, K.W., Lee, V.S., 2006. Investigation of Thoracolumbar T12-L1 burst fracture mechanism using finite element method. J. Medical Engineering & Physics. 28, 656-664.
16
Zulkifli, A., Ariffin, A.K., 2012. Monte Carlo analysis of the human vertebra based on compressive loading. J. Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering. 12, 69-73.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Plant Density and Weed Interference on Morphological Characteristics and Yield of Corn (Zea Mays L.)
Objective: Field experiment was conducted in 2009 to investigate the effects of plant density and weed interference on morphological characteristics and yield of corn (Zea Mays, L.) at Research Station of University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Methods: The experiment was arranged as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant density (D1, D2, D3 and D4: 5, 7, 10 and 16 plant m-2, respectively) were assigned to main plots and three levels of weed interference ((W1, W2 and W3: weed free, between row weed interference and full-season weed interference) were allocated to the sub plots. Results: The Results showed that with increasing plant density, grain and biological yield increased, but cob weight, ear length, ear diameter and harvest index decreased. The highest amount of morphological traits and harvest index was obtained from 5 plant m-2.The weed interference treatments had significant effects on above traits so the highest morphological traits, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index was obtained from weed free treatment. These results indicated that high plant densities because of decreasing weed interference and increasing grain and biological yield, is the effective agronomic solution for increasing corn performance in the field and can be used to reduce consumption of chemical pesticides in sustainable agriculture systems.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7992_1d53984b171149cbb465434aa11a1a2a.pdf
2014-07-01
2225
2229
corn
Plant density
interference
Weed and Yield
Hassan
Dehghanian
1
Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Safar
Nasrollahzadeh
nasr.tbu@gmil.com
2
Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Charles, A.S., Charles, S.W., 2006. Corn response to nitrogen rate, row spacing, and plant density in Eastern Nebraska. Agron. J. 98, 529-535.
1
Cox, W.J., 1996. Whole plant physiological and yield responses of maize to plant density. Agron. J. 88, 489-496.
2
Faravani, M., 1995. Effects of planting date and plant density on yield and yield components of corn (Zea Mays L.) in Karaj, Iran's.M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Agronomy, Tehran University, Iran.
3
Fateh, E., Sharifzadeh, F., Mazaheri, D., Baghestani, M.A., 2007. Evaluation of competition ability between corn (Zea mays) and squarter (Chenopodium album) influenced by planting pattern and their effect on corn
4
yield components.
5
Feyzbakhsh, M.T., Mokhtarpour, H., Mosavat, S.A., Mohager, M., Shahee, G.H.A., 2007. Effects of sowing date and plant density on forage yield and some morphological characteristics of corn (SC. 704).
6
Electronical Crop Production Journal. 3(1), 217-224.
7
Hajebrahimi, A., Nasrollahzadeh, S., Shafagh-Kolvanagh, J., Aghaie-Garachorlu, P., 2014. Effect of nitrogen rates on critical period for weed control and yield of corn (Zea mays). Scientific J. Crop Sci. 3, 17-23.
8
Hashemi-Dezfouli, A., Herbert, S.J., 1992a. Effect of leaf orientation and density on yield of corn. Agric. Res. 11, 89-104.
9
Isik, D., Mannan, H., Bukan, B., Oz, A., Ngouajiro, M., 2006. The critical period for weed control in corn in turkey. Weed Technol. 20, 867-872.
10
Mather, K., 1961. Competition and cooperation. p. 264– 281. In Mechanisms in Biological Competition: Soc. for Exp. Bio. Symp. XV. Academic Press, New York.
11
Normohamadi, G.H., Sadat, S., Kasbani, A., 1997. Agronomy (cereal). Ahvaz University, (1): 428.
12
Rahimian, H., Shariati, S.H., 1999. Modeling crop-weed interactions (Translated). Agriculture Teaching Publisher. PP. 294.
13
Sadgei, H., Bohrani, M.J., 2002. Effects of plant density and nitrogen rates on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.). Ir. J. Crop Sci. 3, 403-412.
14
Zamanian, M., Najafi, E., 2002. Assessment of row spacing and plant density effects on silage yield and morphological characteristics of corn cv. KSC 704. Seed Plant. 18, 200-214.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Investigation on T-2 Toxin Contamination in Wheat Crops from 11 Cities, Iran
Objective: The major Fusarium toxins found in cereals and cereal-based products that can be harmful to both human and animal health are some trichothecenes, such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Methods: A recent SCOOP project, Since toxinogenic fungi are cosmopolitan, mycotoxins are environmental pollutants present in virtually all parts of the world and causing diseases (mycotoxicoses) . This cross-sectional study was carried out in Spring - Summer .T-toxin levels vary in different cities of Iran and are higher than national standard limits(20-21μg/Kg per BW)and , therefore, according to the harvesting programs for the wheat crop . Thus the Ardebil city with a amount of 46.3ppb and Sari, Mazandaran province center, with the least amount of T-toxin by 27.2ppb have been defined respectively. Results: Because of the non-specific clinical signs of Fusarium mycotoxicoses, data about feed quality are an important part of the case history and an inevitable part of the preventive measures is regular foodstuffs monitoring with mycological and mycotoxicological examinations. The elimination of mycotoxins from feedstuff is an open problem because the scope for mycotoxin decontamination is very limited. In countries with adequate information about mycotoxin occurrence, regular tests to control foodstuffs and detect widespread and serious toxins are currently being performed and this leads to the exclusion of products with higher than allowable limits.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7993_36455597db808630e54af24e0fb25b3d.pdf
2014-07-01
2230
2237
T-2 toxin
Fusarium
Wheat and flour
Cities
Standard limits
Iran
Omid
Lakzaei-Azar
mycotoximune_achn@yahoo.com
1
Department of Microbiology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University Lahijan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arash
Chaichi-Nosrati
2
Department of Microbiology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Modiri
3
Department of Microbiology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyyed Hamed
Shirazi-Beheshtiha
4
Department of Clinical Sciences, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Soheyl
Shokri-Fashtali
5
Department of Microbiology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University Lahijan, Iran
AUTHOR
Bhatnagar, D., Yu, J., Ehrlich, K.C., 2002. Toxins of filamentous fungi. ChemImmunol. 81, 167- 206. Egmond, H.P., Jonker, M., 2003. Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fin, K., Gremmels, J., 1999. Mycotoxins: their implications for human and animal health. Vet Q. 21 (4), 115-20. Goryacheva, I.Y., de Saeger, S., Eremin S.A., van Peteghem,. C., 2007. Immunochemical methods for rapid mycotoxin detection: Evolution from single to multiple analyte screening a review. Food Additives and Contaminants. 24, 1169-1183. Ghiasian, S.A., Maghsood, A.H., Yazdanpanah, H., Shephard, G.S., Van Der Westhuizen, L., Vismer, H.F., 2006. Incidence of Fusariumverticillioides and levels of fumonisins in corn from main production areas in Iran. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 54 (16), 6118-22.
1
Hussein, H.M., Franich, R.A., Baxter, M., Andrew, IG., 1989. Naturally occurring Fusarium toxins in New Zealand maize. Food. Addit. Contam. 6 (1), 49-57. Krska, R., Welzig, E., Berthiller, F., Molinelli, A., Mizaikoff, B., 2005. Advances in the analysis of mycotoxins and its quality assurance. Food. Additives. Contaminants. 22, 345-353. Lepschy, V., Gleissenthal, J., Dietrich, R., Martlbauer, E., Schuster, M., Suss, A., Terplan, G., 1989. A survey on the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in Bavarian cereals from the harvest Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 188 (6), 521-6. Maragos, C.M., 2004. Emerging technologies for mycotoxin detection. J. Toxicology. 23, 317-344. Pascale, M., Visconti, A., 2007. Overview of detection methods for mycotoxins, in: J. FLeslie, R. Bandyopadhyay and A. Visconti (eds.), Mycotoxins: detection methods, management, public health and agricultural trade. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, U.K., Chapter. 15, 173-185. Riazipour, M., ImaniFooladi. A.A., Bagherpour, G., 2012. Survey of T-2 Toxin Present in Cereals Destined for Human Consumption. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 5 (3),497-501. Reddy, K.R.N., Salleh, B. Saad, B. Abbas, H.K. Abel, C.A., Shier, W.T., 2010. An overview of mycotoxin contamination in foods and its implications for human health. Toxin Reviews. 29 (1), 3-26. Shephard ,G.S., Marasas, W.F., Leggott, N.L., Yazdanpanah, H., Rahimian, H., Safavi, N., 2000. Natural occurrence of fumonisins in corn from Iran. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 48 (5), 1860-4. Steyn, P.S., 1998. The biosynthesis of mycotoxins. Revuede medicine Veterinaire. 149, 469–478. Tanaka, K., Sago, Y., Zheng, Y., Nakagawa, H., Kushiro, M., 2007. Mycotoxins in rice. Int. J. Food. Microbiol. 119 (1-2), 59-66. Visconti, A., 2001. Analysis Of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereal grains by Immuno affinity clean-up and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J. chromatography. 1075, 151-158. Vrabcheva, T., Gessler, R., Usleber, E., Martlbauer, E., 1996. First survey on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in Bulgawheat. Mycopathologia. 136 (1), 47-52. Yazdanpanah, H., Daraei, B., Saifi, Z., Rasekh, H.R., Shafaati, A., Mansour Khani,M.J.K., 1998. Natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in a corn-based product from the Iranian market. Toxicology Letters. 95(1001), 155 Zheng, M.Z., Richard, J.L., Binder, J., 2006. A review of rapid methods for the analysis of mycotoxins. Mycopathologia. 161, 261-27.
2
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Two Plant Essence on the Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Strawberry Fruit During Storage Condition
Objective: The aim of this experiment was to observe and study the effects of two anti-fungus essences. Methods: Thymus vulgaris and Thymus kotschyanus, against two fungi pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifere, and the quality of strawberries after cropping. This study is performed in two assays, in vitro and in vivo. A treatment consists: control, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 µl/l. Results: The results of in vitro assay showed both essential oils had inhibitory effect even at low concentration also best inhibitory effect occurred at 1000 µl/l of Thymus kotschyanus for Rhizopus stolonifere. The in vivo assay showed that the strawberries groomed by the two plants essences have a higher enzymatic level of CAT and SOD. Therefore these plants essences can replace the chemical anti-fungi medicines used to control the fungi related diseases on agricultural crops due to their anti-fungus effects but still a lot more research needs to be done in order to reach a proper formulation.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7994_641610507b3faf71538ad5a73a1b5e43.pdf
2014-07-01
2238
2246
Antifungal
essential oil
Thymus kotschyanus
Thymus vulgaris
Asieh
Sobhani
asiyehsobhani@yahoo.coam
1
M.A. Student of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Recourse, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vahid
Abdossi
2
Assistant of Horticulture department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Recourse, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Zarinnia
3
Assistant of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Recourse, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Oraghi Ardebili
4
Assistant of Biology Department, Faculty of biology, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Iran
AUTHOR
Bhatnagar, D., Yu, J., Ehrlich, K.C., 2002. Toxins of filamentous fungi. ChemImmunol. 81, 167- 206.
1
Egmond, H.P., Jonker, M., 2003. Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
2
Fin, K., Gremmels, J., 1999. Mycotoxins: their implications for human and animal health. Vet Q. 21 (4), 115-20.
3
Goryacheva, I.Y., de Saeger, S., Eremin S.A., van Peteghem,. C., 2007. for rapid mycotoxin detection: Evolution from single to multiple analyte screening a review.
4
Food Additives and Contaminants. 24, 1169-1183. Ghiasian, S.A., Maghsood, A.H., Yazdanpanah, H., Shephard, G.S., Van Der Westhuizen, L., Vismer,
5
H.F., 2006. Incidence of Fusariumverticillioides and levels of fumonisins in corn from main production areas in Iran. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 54 (16), 6118-22.
6
Hussein, H.M., Franich, R.A., Baxter, M., Andrew, IG., 1989. Naturally occurring Fusarium toxins in New Zealand maize. Food. Addit. Contam. 6 (1), 49-57.
7
Krska, R., Welzig, E., Berthiller, F., Molinelli, A., Mizaikoff, B., 2005. Advances in the analysis of mycotoxins and its quality assurance. Food.
8
Additives. Contaminants. 22, 345-353.
9
mycotoxins in Bavarian cereals from the harvest Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 188 (6), 521-6.
10
Maragos, C.M., 2004. Emerging technologies for mycotoxin detection. J. Toxicology. 23, 317-344.
11
Pascale, M., Visconti, A., 2007. Overview of detection methods for mycotoxins, in: J. FLeslie, R.
12
Publishing, Wallingford, U.K., Chapter. 15, 173-
13
Riazipour, M., ImaniFooladi. A.A., Bagherpour, G., 2012. Survey of T-2 Toxin Present in Cereals Destined for Human Consumption. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 5 (3),497-501.
14
Reddy, K.R.N., Salleh, B. Saad, B. Abbas, H.K. Abel, C.A., Shier, W.T., 2010. An overview of mycotoxin contamination in foods and its implications for
15
human health. Toxin Reviews. 29 (1), 3-26.
16
Shephard ,G.S., Marasas, W.F., Leggott, N.L., Yazdanpanah, H., Rahimian, H., Safavi, N., 2000. Natural occurrence of fumonisins in corn from Iran. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 48 (5), 1860-4.
17
Steyn, P.S., 1998. The biosynthesis of mycotoxins. Revuede medicine Veterinaire. 149, 469–478.
18
Tanaka, K., Sago, Y., Zheng, Y., Nakagawa, H., Kushiro, M., 2007. Mycotoxins in rice. Int. J. Food. Microbiol. 119 (1-2), 59-66.
19
Visconti, A., 2001. Analysis Of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereal grains by Immuno affinity clean-up and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
20
J. chromatography. 1075, 151-158.
21
Vrabcheva, T., Gessler, R., Usleber, E., Martlbauer, E., 1996. First survey on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in Bulgawheat. Mycopathologia. 136 (1), 47-52.
22
Yazdanpanah, H., Daraei, B., Saifi, Z., Rasekh, H.R., Shafaati, A., Mansour Khani,M.J.K., 1998. Natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in a cornbased product from the Iranian market. Toxicology
23
Letters. 95(1001), 155
24
Zheng, M.Z., Richard, J.L., Binder, J., 2006. A review of rapid methods for the analysis of mycotoxins. Mycopathologia. 161, 261-27.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Investigation of Energy Use Efficiency and CO2 Emissions for Grape Production in Zanjan Province of Iran
Objective: The aims of this study were to determine energy efficiency and CO2 use pattern of grape production in Zanjan province, Iran by a non-parametric method of data envelopment analysis (DEA). Methods: Initial data were collected using a face to face questionnaire from 42 orchards in Abhar city of Zanjan province which is one of the most important centers of grape production in Iran. The DEA method was applied based on seven inputs including human labor, machinery, diesel fuel, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and farmyard manure), chemicals (pesticides and fungicides), water for irrigation, electricity and with the single output of grape yield. Results: The results indicated that based on variable returns to scale (BCC) model, 23.8% of the grape orchards were efficient. While based on constant returns to scale (CCR) model, it was 16.6%. The technical, pure technical and scale efficiency were found to be 0.668, 0.857 and 0.797, respectively. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity and net energy were found to be 4.14, 0.35 and 64178 MJ ha-1respectively. The results of CO2 analysis showed that the total CO2 emissions of grape production were found to be 1207.37 kgCO2eq. ha-1.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7995_d61ad4ee4ccca8b78b2153487702be51.pdf
2014-07-01
2249
2258
CO2 emission
Data Envelopment Analysis
Energy Use Efficiency
Grape
Hossein
Haji Agha Alizadeh
h-alizade@basu.ac.ir
1
Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Buali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kamran
Taromi
2
Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Buali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
AUTHOR
Anonymous. 2013. Annual Agricultural Statistics. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. http://www.maj.ir, [in Persian].
1
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2011. http://www.fao.org.
2
Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., Abdi, R., Rafiee, S., &\ Mobtaker, H.G., 2014a. Optimization of energy required and greenhouse gas emissions analysis for orange producers using Data envelopment analysis approach. Journal of
3
Cleaner production. 65, 311-317.
4
Naderloo, L., Alimardani, R., Omid, M., Sarmadian, F., Javadikia, P., Torabi, M., 2013. Modeling of wheat yield and sensitivity analysis based on energy inputs for three years in Abyek town, Ghazvin, Iran. Agric Eng Int: CIGR
5
Journal. 15(1), 68-77.
6
Singh, G., Singh, S., Singh, J., 2004. Optimization of energy inputs for wheat crop in Punjab. Energy Conversion and Management. 45(3): 453- 65.
7
Ozkan, B., Akcaoz, H., Karadeniz, F., 2004. Energy requirement and economic analysis of citrus production in turkey. Energy Conversion and Management. 45:1821-1830.
8
Hamedani, S.R., Keyhani, A., Alimardani, R., 2011. Energy use patterns and econometric models of grape production in Hamedan province of Iran. Energy. 36, 6345- 6351.
9
Malana, N.M., Malano, HM., 2006. Benchmarking productive efficiency of selected wheat areas in Pakistan and India using Data envelopment analysis. Irrigation and Draining. 55, 383-394.
10
Mohammadi, A., Rafiee, S., Mohtasebi, S.S., Mousavi-Avval, S.H., Rafiee, H., 2011. Energy inputs – yield relationship and cost analysis of kiwifruit production in Iran. Renewable Energy. 36, 2573-2579.
11
Chauhan, N.S., Mohapatra, P.K.J., Pandey, K.P., 2006. Improving energy productivity in paddy production through benchmarking – an application of data envelopment analysis. Energy Conversion and Management. 47(9-10), 1063-1085.
12
Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., Abdi, R., Rafiee, S., Taromi, K., (2014b). Applying data envelopment analysis approach to improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emission of rice production. Engineering in Agriculture,
13
Environment and Food. DOI: 10.1016/j.eaef.2014.06.001.
14
Cronbach, L., 1951. Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychrometrika. 16, 297- 334.
15
Rafiee, S., Mousavi- Avval, S.H., Mohammadi, A., 2010. Modeling and sensitivity analysis of energy inputs for apple production in Iran. Energy. 35, 3301-3306.
16
Mobtaker, H.G., 2012. Application of Data envelopment analysis (DEA) to improve cost efficiency of alfalfa production in Iran. International Journal of
17
Environmental Sciences. 2(4), 2367-2377.
18
Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., Shaker-Koohi, S., Dehpour, M.B. 2013. Modeling and optimization of energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions for eggplant production using artificial neural network and multi-objective genetic
19
algorithm. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1(11), 1478-1489.
20
Barber, A.A., 2003. Case study of total energy and carbon indicator for New Zealand Arable and outdoor vegetable production. Agricultural engineering consultant Agril LNK. New Zealand Ltd.
21
Mousavi-Avval, S.H., Rafiee, S., Jafari, A., Mohammadi, A., 2011. Optimization of energy consumption for soybean production using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Applied Energy. 16: 84-89.
22
Unakitan, G., Hurma, H., Yilmaz, F., 2010. An analysis of energy use efficiency of canola production in Turkey. Energy. 35, 3623- 3627.
23
Pahlavan, R., Omid, M., Akram, A., 2011. Energy use efficiency in greenhouse tomato production in Iran. Energy. 36, 6714-6719.
24
Mohammadi, A., Tabatabaeefar, A., Shahan, S., Rafiee, S., Keyhani, A., 2008. Energy use and economical analysis of potato production in Iran a case study: Ardabil province Energy Conversion and Management. 49, 3566-3570.
25
Mohammadi, A., Rafiee, S., Jafari, A., Delgaard, T., Knudsen, M.T., Keyhani, A., Mousavi-Avval, S.H., Hermansen, E.J., 2013. Potential greenhouse gas emission reductions in soybean farming: A combined use of Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production. 54, 89-100.
26
Avkiran, N.K., 2001. Investigating technical and scale efficiencies of Australian Universities through Data Envelopment Analysis. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 35(1), 57-80.
27
Khoshnevisan, B., Shariati, HM., Rafiee, S., Mousazadeh, H., 2014. Comparison of energy consumption and GHG emissions of open field and greenhouse strawberry production .Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 29, 316-324.
28
Reyhani-Farashah, H., Tabatabaeifar, S.A., Rajabipour, A., Sefeedpari, P., 2013. Energy efficiency analysis of white button mushroom producers in Alburz Province of Iran: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach. Open Journal of Energy Efficiency. 2, 65-74.
29
Mousavi-Avval, S.H., Mohammadi, A., Rafiee, S., Tabatabaeefar, A., 2012. Assessing the technical efficiency of energy use in different barberry production systems. Journal of Cleaner Production. 27, 126-32.
30
Nassiri, S.M., Singh, S., 2009. Study on energy use efficiency for paddy crop using data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique. Applied Energy. 86, 1320-1325.
31
Lal, R., 2004. Carbon emissions from farm operations. Environment International. 30(7), 981-990.
32
Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., Abdi, R., Rafiee, S., (2014c). Neural network modeling of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of watermelon production systems. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2014.05.001.
33
Pishgar-Komleh, S.H., Ghahderijani, M., Sefeedpari, P., 2012. Energy consumption and CO2 emissions analysis of potato production based on different farm size levels in Iran. Journal of Cleaner Production. 33, 183-191
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of Phytotoxicity and Stability of Residuals, Nicosulfuron and Rimsulfuran on Wheat Grown on Two Soil Types
Objective: This research was carried out as a greenhouse experiment in the form of a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRD) in three-run sequences. The research aimed at investigating the impacts of Nicosulfuron (Cruz) and Rimsulfuran (Titus) residues on the growth of wheat in two soil types which differed in their levels of organic compounds and salinity. Methods: Treatment of the experiment included six different doses of 0, 2, 4, 8, 40, 60 gr per hectare of rimsulfuran and 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 2, 3 liter per hectare of Nicosulfuron. Results: As per the results of the survey, an increase in the concentration of the herbicides caused a meaningful decline in the measured characteristics of the plant including the length and the wet and dry weight of the shoot and the root (P<0.01). According to I50 in other words a 50% inhibition of growth indicator, the weight of dry shoot showed the highest sensitivity to rimsulfuran in the soil coded B (1.26) and weight of dry root to Nicosulfuron in soil B (41.84).
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7996_494e6f1bf977fb8033db3c4bf1fd4ebc.pdf
2014-07-01
2259
2263
herbicide
bioassay
soil
Dos-response
I50
Masoomeh
Azimi
alirostami1080@chmail.ir
1
M.A. Student of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, IAU, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kazem
Ramezani
2
Faculty Members, Herbicide Research Department of National Research Institute, Iran
AUTHOR
Leili
Alimoradi
3
Associate Professor, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Izadi Darbandi, A., Azad, M., 2012. A study on the effects of the residue of herbicides of corn (zea maysL.) on the
1
growth of crops in the greenhouse. 5th Convention on Weed Science, 2012, Mashhad.
2
Baghestani, M.A., Sofizudeh E.Z., Eskandari, A., Pour Azar, A., Veysi, M., Nesserzadeh N., 2006. Efficiency evaluation of some dual purpose herbicides to control weed in
3
maize (zea maysL.). Crop Protection. 16, 08-013. Brown, H.M., 1990. Mode of action, crop selectivity, and soil relations of the sulfonylurea herbicides. Pesticide Sci. 29, 263–281.
4
Mosavi, K.S., Saremi, H., 2005. Physiological Function and Application of Herbicides, Zanjan University Press. 286, 130-131
5
Moyer, J.R., Esau,R., Kozub, G.C., 1990. chlosulfuron persistence and response of nine rotational crops in alkaline soil of southern Alberta. Weed Technol. 4, 543-548 .
6
Moyer, J.R., Hamman, W.M., 2001. Factors affecting the toxicity of MON 37500 Residues to Following. Weed Technol. 15, 42-42.
7
Parrish, S.K., Euler, J.P.R., Grogha, M., Spirlet, A., Walker, F., Mac Vicar, H., Cullington, J.E., 1995. Field, glasshouse and laboratory investigation in to the rate of degradation of moon 37500 in European. Soils. Br. Crop prot. Conf.
8
weeds. 667–67.
9
Ramezani, M.K., 2010. Herbicides residues in soil and their carryover effects on rotational crops. Weed Res. 2(1), 95-119.
10
Russel, M.H., Salading, L., Lichtner, F., 2002. Sulfonylurea herbicides. Pesticide outlook. 166-173.
11
Shikkema, P.H., 2005. Residual herbicides: An integral component of weed management systems in eastern Canada. Pages 88 – 99 in R. C. Van Acker, ed. Soil residual herbicides: science and managements. Topics in
12
Canadian weed science, Volume. 3 sainte Anne- de Bellvue. Quebec.
13
Szmigieleski, A.M., Schoehau. J.J., Johnson, E.N.,
14
Holm, F.A., Sapsford, K.L., liu, J., 2009. Development of a laboratory Bioassy and Effect of Soil Properties on Sulfentrazone communications in soil science and plant Analysis. 39, 413–420
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The First Report of Gastrointestinal Obstruction in New Zealand White Rabbit in Iran
Objective: Gastric dilatation also known as gastrointestinal obstruction or bloat is an acute and life-threatening condition in pet rabbits commonly caused by an intestinal obstruction with pellets, foreign bodies and compressed hair. Methods: In June 2014, a two years old male New Zealand white rabbit were referred to Karaj Central Veterinary hospital, Karaj, Iran with the history of acute anorexia and severe bloat. Results: Gastrointestinal obstruction was confirmed according to historical data, clinical examination and radiographic findings. Although surgery is the treatment of choice for this problem in most cases, the medical treatment was substituted for surgery due to restrictions by the owner and it was successful.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7997_23d37eeda9eedbaf0efb0c89e09db74d.pdf
2014-07-01
2264
2267
Gastrointestinal
Zealand
Bahador
Bardshiri
b.bardshiri@srbiau.ac.ir
1
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Tavana
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyedeh Zeinab
Peighambarzadeh
3
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Harcourt-Brown, F.M., 2007. Gastric dilation and intestinal obstruction in 76 rabbits. Vet Rec. 161(12):409-14.
1
Jenkins, J.R., 2004. Gastrointestinal diseases. In Quesenberry KE et al. (Eds) Ferrets, rabbits and rodents clinical medicine and surgery. Saunders Publishing. 164-165.
2
Oglesbee, B., 2009. Bloat or acute gastrointestinal dilation in rabbits. The Newsletter of the Buckeye House Rabbit Society spring/summer. 13(2), 4-12
3
Oglesbee, B., 2011. Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Small Mammal, Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4
Schuhmann, B., Cope, I., 2014. Medical treatment of 145 cases of gastric dilatation in rabbits. Vet Rec.
5
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Pregnancy Detection in Lori-Bakhtiari Sheep by Transrectal Ultrasonography
Objective: Various practical methods have been used for pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Methods of pregnancy diagnosis depending on visualization of the conceptus or determination of its secretory products in the maternal blood or in the milk are the most accurate and specific methods for pregnancy. In 1980, B-mode ultrasonography was introduced in the veterinary field and used for pregnancy diagnosis. Transrectal ultrasonography has been recommended as a simple, rapid and practical method for early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Methods: 40 clinically healthy Lori-Bakhtiari ewes aged between 2 to 8 years were used in this study. These ewes were estrus synchronized and inseminated and fertile rams were kept with the ewes for natural breeding. Transrectal ultrasonography was carried out in ewes. Results: The sensitivity of the test increased when performed at a more advanced stage of pregnancy. The sensitivity of the test increased in young ewes when scanning took place at a more advanced stage of pregnancy.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7998_d6999105f2710f3713993fd26594644d.pdf
2014-07-01
2268
2270
Lori-Bakhtiari
Sheep
Pregnancy
Transrectal Ultrasonography
Mehdi
Tavana
tavana7@yahoo.com
1
Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch. Shoushtar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyedeh Zeinab
Peighambarzadeh
2
Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch. Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Bahador
Bardshiri
b.bardshiri@srbiau.ac.ir
3
Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch. Shoushtar, Iran
AUTHOR
Bretzlaff, K., Romano, J.E., 2001. Advanced reproductive techniques in goats. Vet Clin of North Am Food Anim Pract. 17:421-434.
1
Buckrell, B.C., Bonnett, B.N., Johnson W.H., 1986. The use of real-time ultrasound rectally for early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Theriogenology. 25, 665-673.
2
Buckrell, B.C., 1988. Application of ultrasonography in reproduction in sheep and goats. Theriogenology. 29, 71-84.
3
Cunningham, W., Marsh, D., 1997. Pregnancy diagnosis. In: Youngquist RS (ed), Current Therapy in Large Animal Theriogenology. 612-616.
4
Ford, E.J.H., 1983. Pregnancy toxemia. In: Diseases of Sheep Martin W. B. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London. 147-151.
5
Garcia, A., Neary, M.K., Kelly, G.R., Pierson, R.A., 1993. Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in the ewe. Theriogenology. 39, 847-861.
6
Gearhart, M.A., Wingfield, W.E., Knight, A.P., Smith, J.A., Dargatz, D.A., Boon, J.A., Stokes, C.A., 1988. Real-time ultrasonography for determining pregnancy status and viable fetal numbers in ewes. Theriogenology. 30: 323-337.
7
Goel, A.K., Agrawal, K.P., 1992. A review of pregnancy diagnosis techniques in sheep and goats. Small Ruminant Research. 9, 255-264.
8
Ishwar, A.K., 1995. Pregnancy diagnosis in sheep and goat: a review. Small Ruminant Research. 17, 37-44.
9
Kähn, W., 1992. Ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in female animal reproduction. Animal Reproduction Science. 28, 1-10.
10
Karen, A., Beckers, J.F., Sulon, J., Sousa, N.M., Szabados, K., Reczigel, J., Szenci, O., 2003. Early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep by progesterone and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein tests. Theriogenology. 59, 1941-1948.
11
Kaulfuss, K.H., Zipper, N., May J., Suss. R., 1996. Ultrasonic pregnancy diagnosis (B-mode) in sheep. 2. Comparative studies using transcutaneous and transrectal pregnancy diagnosis. Tierärztl Prax. 24, 559- 566.
12
Martin, S.W., Meek, A.H., Willeberg, P., 1987. Veterinary Epidemiology, Principles and Methods. Iowa State University Press. 63-71.
13
Schrick, F.N., Inskeep. E.K., 1993. Determination of early pregnancy in ewes utilizing transrectal ultrasonography. Theriogenology. 40, 295-306.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Functionalization of Carboxylated Multi-Walled Nanotubes with Stabilised Phosphorus Ylide
In this paper, the chemical Functionalization of Carboxylate multi-walled carbon nanotubes by methyl (triphenyl phosphoranylidene) acetate have been investigated. Phosphorus Ylides are important compound in organic chemistry. At first, methyl (triphenyl phosphoranylidene) acetate, synthesized from salt metod in two steps: the formation of the phosphonium salt and the deprotonation of the latter to form the ylide. MWNT-Slide is obtained through MWNT-cocl with methyl (triphenyl phosphoranylidene) acetate, which is confirmed by FT-IR, SEM and elemental analysis. The functionalized MWNTs were dispersed very well in solvent of dimethylformamide (DMF), and the high stability of dispersed suspension could be maintained for more than 1 week without MWNT precipitation. These Functionalization have been chosen due to P=C and C=O active sites in MWNT-ylide for future application.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_7999_1a530597b55bcc89c195c5a42f720f0d.pdf
2014-07-01
2271
2275
Functionalization Multi-Walled
Carbon nanotubes
Methyl (triphenyl phosphoranylidene)
acetate
Elnaz
Nassaghi
e_nasaghi@yahoo.com
1
Department of chemistry, College of fundamental sciences, shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Azizian
j-azizian@cc.sbu.ac.ir
2
Department of chemistry, College of fundamental sciences , Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sajjad
Sedaghat
3
Department of chemistry, College of fundamental sciences, shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Eidi kohnaki, M., Kiani, G., Nematzade, G. (2013). Relationship Between Morphological Traits in Rice Restorer Lines at F3 Generation Using Multivariate Analysis. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(6), 572-577.
1
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on DGAT1-exon8 Polymorphism in Iranian Buffalo
Objective: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 is a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the final step of triglyceride synthesis. The objective of this project is to check out the polymorphism at the exon 8 region of DGAT1 gene using PCR-SSCP technique in Iranian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Recent activities have shown that a significant association between lysine at amino acid position 232 with higher milk fat content, whereas an alanine at this position is marker data of lower milk fat content and higher milk yield. Methods: In this study we analyzed buffaloes from 5 provinces of Iran. Three PCR-SSCP patterns were found. Results: DNA sequencing analysis showed that all of the patterns had the motif “AA” at position 6962-6963 (K allele) encoding lysine, which is similar to “AA” at position 10433-10434 in Bos indicus and also different buffalo breeds at position 6962-6963. Therefore exon 8 is a conservative region in Bos indicus and all buffalo breeds which is associated with higher milk fat content. Moreover, we found a base transition at position 7036 C/T and we have heterozygosity of both “C and T”, which is located at intron 8 of DGAT1 gene in few samples. Conclusions: this transition is a nonsense mutation which causes no change in amino acid sequence. This mutation has occurred at the intron 8 of DGAT1 gene in Iranian buffaloes.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8000_ad546ccf0c647b43d343f6a4fd2aad81.pdf
2014-07-01
2276
2282
DGAT1 gene
Iranian buffalo
PCR-SSCP
Milk yeild
Deniz
Heydarian
1
Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Miraei-Ashtiani
ashtiani@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mostafa
Sadeghi
sadeghimos@ut.ac.ir
3
Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Bassam B. J., Caetano-Anolles, G. and Gresshoff, P .M. 1991. Fast and sensitive silver staining of DNA in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 196:80-83.
1
Buraczynska, M., Ksiazek, P., Zaluska, W., Nowicka, T. and Ksiazek, A. 2004. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 polymorphism in patients with end-stage renal disease. Neph Dial Transp. 19:2302-2306.
2
Cases, S., Smith, S. J., Zheng, Y. W., Myers, H. M., Lear, S. R., et al. 1998. Identification of a gene encoding an acyl CoA: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a key enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci.
3
95(22):13018-13023.
4
Coppieters, W. J., Riquet, J. J., Arranz, P., Berzi, N. and Cambisano N. 1998. A QTL with major effect on milk yield and composition maps to bovine chromosome 14. Mamm. Genome. 9:540-544.
5
Furbass, R., Winter, A., Fries, F., Kuhn, C. 2006. Alleles of the bovine DGAT1 variable number of tandem repeat associated with a milk fat QTL at chromosome 14 can stimulate gene expression. Physiol Genomics. 25:116120.
6
Grisart, B., Coppieters, W., Farnir, F., Karim, L., Ford, C., et al. 2002. Positional candidate cloning of a QTL in dairy cattle: idenrification of amissense mutation in the bovine DGAT1 gene with major effect on milk yield composition.
7
Genome Res. 12: 222-231.
8
Grisart, B., Farnir, F., Karim, L., Cambisano, N., Kim J. J., et al. 2004. Genetic and functional confirmation of the causality of the DGAT1 K232A quantitative trait nucleotide in affecting milk yield and composition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:2398-2403.
9
Gruszczynska, J., Brokowska, K., Charon, K. M. and Swiderek, W. P. 2005. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of exon 2 Ovar-DRB1 gene in Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep. J Appl Genet. 46:311-314.
10
Hastings, M.L. and A.R. Krainer, 2001. Pre-mRNA splicing in the new millennium. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 13:302-209.
11
Kaupe, B., Winter, A., Fries, R., Erhard, G. 2004. DGAT1 polymorphism in Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle breeds. J Dairy Res. 71:182-187.
12
Lacorte, G. A., Machado, M. A., Martinez, M. L., Campos, A. L., Maciel, R. P. et al. 2006. DGAT1 K232A polymorphism in Brazilian cattle breeds. Genet Mol Res. 5:475-482.
13
Miller, S. A., Dykes, D. D., Polesky, H. F. 1988. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Research. 16:12-15.
14
Mishra, B., Tantia, M. S., Kumar, S. T. B., Vijh, R. K. 2007. Characterization of the DGAT1gene in the Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Genet Mol Biol. 30:1097-1100.
15
Raut, A. A., Kumar, A., Kala, S. N., Chhokar, V., Rana, N., et al. 2012. Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the DGAT1 gene of the buffaloes by PCR-SSCP. Genet and Molec Biol. 35.3:610-613.
16
Ripoli, M. V., Corva, P., Giovambattista, G. 2006. Analysis of a polymorphism in the DGAT1 gene in 14 cattle breeds through PCR-SSCP methods. Res Vet Sci. 80:287-290.
17
Smith, S. J., Cases, S., Jensen, D. R., Chen, H. C., Sande, E. et al. 2000. Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis in mice lacking DGAT. Nat Genet. 25:87-90.
18
Spelman, R. J., Ford, C. A., McElhinney, P., Gregory, G. C., Snell, R. G. 2002. Characterization of the DGAT1 gene in the NewZealand dairy population. J Dairy Sci. 85:3514- 3517.
19
Tantia, M. S., Vijh, R. K., Mishra, B. P., Mishra, B., Kumar, B. S. T., et al. 2006. DGAT1 and ABCG2 polymorphism in Indian cattle (Bos indicus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) breeds. BMC Vet Res 2:e32.
20
Thaller, G., Kuhn, C., Winter, A. 2003. DGAT1, a new positional and functional candidate gene for intramascular fat deposition in cattle. Anim Genet.
21
34:354-357.
22
Venkatachalapathy, R. T., Sharma, A., Battacharta, T. K., Sukla, S. 2013. Single nucleotide polymorphism in DGAT1 locus of Indian cattle and buffalo breeds. Anim Genet Divi. (6).3:68-71.
23
Weller, J. I., Golik, M., Seroussi, E., Ezra, E., Ron, M. 2003. Population-wide analysis of a QTL affecting milk-fat production in the Israelian Holstein population. J Dairy Sci. 86:2219-2227.
24
Winter, A., Kramer, W., Werner, F., Kollers, S., Kata, S., et al. 2002. Association of a lysine/232/alanine polymorphism in a bovine gene encoding acyl-CoA:
25
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) with variation at a quantitative trait locus for milk fat content. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 99:9300-9305.
26
Yuan, J., Zhou, J., Deng, X., Hu, X., Li, N. 2007. Molecular cloning and single nucleotide polymorphism detection of buffalo DGAT1 gene. Biochem Genet. 45:611-621.
27
Zhang, Q., Biochard, D., Hoeschele, I., Ernst, C., Eggen, A., et al. 1998. Mapping quantitative trait loci for milk production and health of dairy cattle in a large outbred pedigree. Genetics. 149:1950-1973.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on Activity and Stability of Proteases from Bacillus Sp. Produced by Submerged Fermentation
Objective: Investigations were carried out to isolate bacteria from saline-alkali soils and determined optimized alkaline protease activity and stability produced by a wild strain of bacillus sp. in submerged fermentation (SMF). Methods: Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the crude extract was 40 ◦C at a pH between 8.0 and 9.0. The studies on pH stability showed that the enzyme was stable in a range of pH 7.0–10.0 and the effect of the inhibitors showed it to be possibly an alkaline protease. Stability studies revealed temperatures around 40–60 ◦C. Results: The activity was reduced in the presence of Co2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ ions, while the presence of K+ resulted in a discreet increase in proteolytic activity. The enzyme presented good stability towards organic solvents. Organic solvents such as 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and oleyl alcohol enhanced the activity of enzyme. The enzyme presented good stability towards oxidizing agent. The crude enzyme preparation was compatible with commercial detergents, retaining their 50–60% activities. Conclusions: The results demonstrated the importance of submerged fermentation for the production of protease.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8001_faeefbaae8eaf2b6a555b2b97d514998.pdf
2014-07-01
2283
2287
Protease
Submerged fermentation
Enzyme Activity
Stabil
Behzad
Otroshi
1
Department of Microbiology, Sciences and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Iran
AUTHOR
Masumeh
Anvari
anvari@iaurasht.ac.ir
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Shariarinour
3
Department of Microbiology, Sciences and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Asokan, S., Jayanthi, C., 2010. Alkaline protease production by bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans. J. Cell Tissue Res. 10, 2119-2123.
1
Boyer, E.W., Ingle, M.B., Mercer, G.D., 1973. Bacillus alcalophilus sub sp. halodurans sub sp. nov: an alkaline amylase-producing, alkalophilic organism. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23, 238-242.
2
Germano, S., Pandey, A., Osaku, C.A., Rocha, S.N., Soccol, C.R., 2003. Characterization and stability of proteases from Penicillium sp. produced by solid-state fermentation. Enzyme Microbial Technol. 32, 246–251.
3
Hernandez-Rodriguez, B., Cordova, J., Barzanac, E., Favela-Torres E., 2009. Effects of organic solvents on activity and stability of lipases produced by
4
thermotolerant fungi in solid-state fermentation. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 61, 136–142.
5
Leighton, T.J, Doi, R.H., Warren, R.A.J., Kelln, R.A., 1973. The relationship of serine protease activity to RNA polymerase modification and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. J. Mol. Biol. 76, 103–122.
6
Mukherjee, A.K., Adhikari, H., Rai SK., 2008. Production of protease by a thermophilic Bacillus subtitles under solidstate fermentation (SSF) condition using Imperata cylindrical grass and potato peel as low-cos t medium:
7
characterization and application of enzyme in detergent formulation. Biochem. Eng. J. 39, 353–361.
8
Ng TK, Kenealy, W.R., 1986. Industrial applications of thermostable enzymes. In: Brock, T.D. (Ed.), Thermophiles General, Molecular and Applied
9
Microbiology, John Wiley, New York, 197-205.
10
Rahman, R., Baharum S.N., Basri M., Salleh A.B., 2005. High-yield purification of an organic solvent-tolerant lipase from Pseudomonas sp. Strain S5. Anal. Biochem. 341, 267–274.
11
Rai, S.K., Mukherjee, A.K., 2009. Ecological significance and some biotechnological application of an organic solvent stable alkaline serine protease from Bacillus subtilis strain DM-04. Bioresour. Technol. 100, 2642–
12
Rai, S.K., Mukherjee A.K., 2010. Statistical optimization of production, purification and industrial application of a laundry detergent and organic solvent-stable subtilisin like serine protease (Alzwiprase) from Bacillus subtilis
13
DM-04. Biochem. Eng. J. 48, 172–180.
14
Salameh, M.A., Wiegel, J., 2007. Purification and characterization of two highly thermophilic alkaline lipases from Thermosyntropha lipolytica. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73, 7725–7731.
15
Sun, S.Y., Xu, Y., 2009. Membrane-bound ‘synthetic lipase’ specifically cultured under solid-state fermentation and submerged fermentation by Rhizopus chinensis: A comparative investigation. Bioresour. Technol. 100,
16
1336–42.
17
Sun, S.Y., Xu, Y., Wang, D., 2009. Novel minor lipase from Rhizopus chine sis during solid-state fermentation: Biochemical characterization and its esterification potential for ester synthesis. Bioresour. Technol. 100, 2607–2612.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Drought Stress and Zn Fertilizer on Some Root Characteristics of Chickpea Cultivars
Objective: Drought stress is most important factor which reduce root and shoot growth in crops. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of drought stress and Zn fertilizer on root traits of four cultivars of chickpea. Methods: Experiment was laid out in a split plot-factorial using randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress treatment stand in main plots in three levels consist of no drought stress (complete irrigation), moderate drought stress (irrigation at planting and early flowering) and severe drought stress (no irrigation). 2 Zn levels (using hand sprayer 1 L and control) and four chickpea cultivars Azad, Bivanij, Hashem and ILC482 stand in sub plots. Results: Result showed that the effect of drought stress was significant on al parameters. Effect of Zn fertilizer was significant only on Number of nodule and primary root length, but not significant on other parameters. Effect of cultivar treatments was significant only on Number of nodule and primary root length, but not significant on other parameters. Maximum number of nodule and root length was obtained in non stress condition and in Bivanij cultivar. With increase in drought stress number of nodules in plants and root length were decreased.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8061_dace5d1bae6d7656f956b87006f4421e.pdf
2014-07-01
2289
2293
Chickpea
Zn fertilizer
Root length
Morteza
Shamsizadeh
1
Faculty member, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
AUTHOR
Morad
Shaban
shabaan.morad@yahoo.com
2
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Rahmati Motlagh
rahmati.z1365@yahoo.com
3
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Aerts, R., Chapin, F.S., 1999. The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: re evaluation of processes and patterns. Advances in Ecological Research. 62; 26-34.
1
Alizadeh, A., 2005. Water, Soil and Plant Associated. Emam Reza Publications. Mashhad, Iran. 470. (In Farsi).
2
Ashraf, M., Oleary, J.W., 1996. Effect of drought stress on growth, water relations and gas exchange of two lines of sunflower differing in degree of salt tolerance.
3
International Journal of Plant Science. 157; 729-732. Asseng, S., Hsiao, T.C., 2000. Canopy Co2 assimilation , energy balance, and water use efficiency of an Alfalfa crop before and after cutting. Field and Crop Researches.
4
67; 191-206.
5
Assgharipoor, M.R., Rafiei, M., 2010. Effect of drought stress on different morphological characteristics of root and root, shoot ratio on mungbean genotypes. The 11th
6
Iranian Crop Sciences Congress. Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran, Iran. 2814. (In Farsi).
7
Beyranvand, H., Farnia, A., Nakhjavan, S.H., Shaban, M., 2013. Response of yield and yield components of maize (Zea maiz L.) to different bio fertilizers. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research.
8
1(9); 1068-1077.
9
Ceotto, E., Spallacci, P., 1995. Effects of pig manure application on the efficiency of radiation utilization in pure Alfalfa stand. Agronomy Science. Sezione Modena, Italy. 134; 163-167.
10
Dastfal, M., Barati, V., Navabi, F., Haghighatnia, H., 2009. Effect of terminal drought stress on grain yield and its components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in dry and warm conditions in south of fars
11
province. Journal of Seed and Seedling. 2(25); 331-346. (In Farsi).
12
Dencheva, L., 1973. The effect of irrigation on the development of the root system in wheat. Tastenive Dninavk.. 10(10); 1-3.
13
Farbodnia, T., 1997. Effect of drought stress on germination, growth, biochemical changes under drought in tow chickpea lines. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tarbiat Moalem. Tehran, Iran. 125. (In Farsi).
14
Ganjeali, A., Bagheri, A., 2011. Evaluation of morphological characteristics of root chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to drought stress. Iranian
15
Journal of Pulses Research. 1(2): 101-110. (In Farsi).
16
Ganjeali, A., Kaffi, M., Sabeteteimouri, M., 2010. Evaluation of root and shoot physiological indices in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought stress.
17
Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences. 3(1): 35-45.
18
Grewal, H.S., Zhonggu, L., Graham, R.D., 1997. InMluence of subsoil zinc ondry matter production, seed yield and distribution of zinc in oilseed rape genotypes differing in zinc efficiency. Plant and Soil. 192(2), 181-189.
19
Isemura, T., Shiyo, N., Shigeyuki, M., 2001. Genetic variation and geographical distribution of Azuki bean (Vigna angularis) landraces based on the electrophoregram of seed storage proteins. Breeding Science. 51, 225-230.
20
Kiani, M, Farnia, A., Shaban, M., 2013. Changes of seed yield, seed protein and seed oil in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under application of different bio fertilizers. International Journal of Advanced Biological and
21
Biomedical Research. 1(10); 1170-1178. Mahady, A.E.M., 1990. Effect of phosphorus fertilizer, some micronutrients and plant density on growth and
22
yield of broad beans. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture Moshtohor, Zagazig University, Egypt.
23
Marschner, H., 1986. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press Inc. USA. 269-369.
24
Prihar, S.S., Sandhu, B.S., 1968. Irrigation of Mield crops, Indian Council of Agriculture Research. New Delhi. 142.
25
Shaban, M., 2013a. Application of seed equilibrium moisture curves in agro physics. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1(9); 885- 898.
26
Shaban, M., 2013b. Biochemical aspects of protein changes in seed physiology and germination. International Journal of Advanced Biological and
27
Biomedical Research. 1(8); 885-898.
28
Soleimani, R., 2006. The effects of integrated application of micronutrient on wheat in low organic carbon conditions of alkaline soils of western Iran. 18th World Congress of Soil Science.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Ultrasonic, Microwave, Chemical, and Osmotic Pre-Treatments on Quality Indexes (Texture, Color, and Rehydration Ratio) of Dried Button Mushroom Slices in Hot Air Drying
Objective: Button mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) are among the most widely produced and consumed mushrooms in the world. Generally speaking, mushrooms are of great nutritional value, which due to their high content of moisture and their corruptibility particular attention is required to be paid to their conservation and health. Drying is one of the most important ways to preserve the yields with high content of humidity. Methods: In this study, in order to increase the hold time and quality specifications, different pretreatments including osmotic (NaCl2 with a 10% density ratio), chemical (metabisulfite potassium with concentration 0/5% density ratio), ultrasound (with a frequency of 28 ±0/5 (KHZ)), and microwave (with power 360 watt) were applied. These pretreatments were dried through the hot air method. Osmotic, chemical, and ultrasound pretreatments were used for 2 h, 30 minutes, and 30 minutes, respectively at ambient temperature, while the microwave was employed for 4 minutes. Then effect of various pretreatments on the dried button mushrooms’ quality indexes such as texture, color, and rehydration ratio was investigated. Results: Based on the results, with regard to the tissue of samples under various pretreatments, a highly significant difference at 1% level can be observed for the hardness and adhesiveness indexes, while a significant difference exists for the chewiness index at 5%. After comparison, the maximum hardness was seen in the control sample, and hardness value of the samples under various pretreatments was lower than that of the control. Among the samples with ultrasonic, microwave and osmotic pretreatments, no significant difference was observed and the lowest hardness value belonged to the samples with chemical pretreatment. The samples under chemical pretreatment comprised the lowest chewiness value. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the other pretreatment and control samples. The least adhesiveness value belonged to the samples with microwave, osmotic, and ultrasound pretreatments. The sample with chemical pretreatment had the highest adhesiveness. The best color was related to the osmotic samples, and control samples showed a low quality. In general, the samples with pretreatments had better color than the control ones. The lowest rehydration ratio was obtained in the samples under chemical and control pretreatment, respectively. Therefore, application of various pretreatments significantly contributes to the improvement of quality specifications, where chemical pretreatment is of great importance.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8062_e9d552b877ba5266c3e0e8147f186e39.pdf
2014-07-01
2294
2300
Button mushrooms
Drying
pre-treatment
Specifications of quality
Mahboobeh
Hosseini
ho_ma_1360@yahoo.com
1
Department of Agricultural biosystem of Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yaghoob
Mansoori
2
Department of Agricultural biosystem of Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Mostaan
3
Department of Agricultural biosystem of Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Rajaee
4
Department of Agricultural biosystem of Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Adams, L.S., Pungh, S.H., Wu, W., Ki L., Chen, S.H., 2008. White Button Mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus) Exhibits Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Properties and Inhibits Prostate Tumor Growth in Athymic Mice: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Journal of Nutrition and Cancer. 60; 744–756.
1
Artnaseaw, A., Theerakulpisut, S., Benjapiyaporn, C., 2010. Drying characteristics of Shiitake mushroom and Jinda chili during vacuum heat pump drying. Journal Food and Bioproducts Processing. 88; 105–114.
2
AOAC. Official method of analysis. 1990. Association of official analytical chemists, Washington.
3
Ebrahim rezagah, M., Kashaninezhad, M., Mirzaee, M., KHamiri, M., 2009. Effect of temperature, osmotic Solution concentration & weight ratio on kinetic osmotic drying of button mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus). Journal
4
of Agriculture science & Natural resources. 16(1);1-10 [in Persian].
5
Eissa, H.A., Fouad, G.M., Shouk, A.E.A., 2009. Effect of some thermal and chemical pre-treatments on smoked oyster mushroom quality. International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 44; 251–261.
6
Ebadizadeh, Z., Mohamadigoltapeh, A., Basiri, A., 2003. Factors affecting the final quality of the dried button mushroom. Journal Research & Construction. 63; 12-18 [in Persian].
7
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2012. Available from: URL: http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor.
8
Accessed 2012 august 20.
9
Fabiano, A.N.F., Maria, I.G., Sueli, R., 2009. Effect of osmotic dehydration and ultrasound pre-treatment on cell structure: Melon dehydration. Journal of LWT. 41; 604–610.
10
Giri, S.K., Prasad, S., 2007. Drying kinetics and rehydration characteristics of microwave-vacuum and convective hot-air dried mushrooms. Journal of Food
11
Engineering. 78; 512–521.
12
Jambrak, A., J.Mason, T., Paniwnyk, L., Lelas, V., 2007. Accelerated drying of button mushrooms, brussels sprouts and cauliflower by applying power ultrasound and its rehydration properties. Journal of Food Engineering. 81; 88-97.
13
2300 Hosseini et al/ Int. J. Adv. Biol. Biom. Res, 2014; 2 (7), 2294-2300 Kotwaliwale, N., Bakane, P., Verma, A., 2007. Changes in textural and optical properties of oyster Mushroom during hot air drying. Journal of Food Engineering. 78; 1207–1211.
14
Kulshereshta, M., Singh, A., Vipul, D., 2009. Effect of Drying Conditions On Mushroom Quality. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 4; 90 – 98.
15
Mujumdar, A.S., Sablani, S.S., 2006. Drying of Potato, Sweet Potato,and Other Roots. 3 th ed. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 661-662.
16
Shukla, B.D., Singh, S.P., 2007. Osmo-convective drying of cauliflower, mushroom and greenpea. International Journal of Food Engineering. 80; 741–747.
17
Shamaee, S., Emamjomeh, Z., 2010. Pretreatment effect of different drying methods on the drying process, texture, color, quantity and speed of rehydration ratio button mushroom slices. Journal Science & Food Technology. 6; 193-200 [in Persian].
18
Sahari, M., 2002. Chemistry of browning reactions (in food). 1nd ed: Andisheh Press. 128 [in Persian].
19
Walde, S.G., Velu, V., Jyothirmayi, T., Math, R.G., 2006. Effects of pretreatments and drying methods on Dehydration of mushroom. Journal of Food Engineering. 74; 108–115.
20
Zecchi, B., Clavijo, L., Martinez Garreiro, J., Gerla, P., 2011. Modeling and minimizing process time of combined convective and vacuum drying of mushrooms and barsley. Journal of Food Engineering. 104; 49–55.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physiology of Plants Affected by Ageing
Objective: Ageing of the stored seed is a natural phenomenon and the seeds tend to lose viability even under ideal storage conditions. Accelerated ageing has been recognized as a good predictor of the storability of seed lots. Aged seeds show decreased vigor and produce weak seedlings that are unable to survive once reintroduced into a habitat. The characteristics of the chemical composition of oil crops (soybean and sunflower) are related to specific processes occurring in seed during storage. Lipid auto-oxidation and increase of free fatty acid content during storage are the most often mentioned reasons for accelerated damage of seed of oily plant species.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8063_84b9cc2d57efeba26c4164b14f29f691.pdf
2014-07-01
2301
2305
Ageing
Physiology of seeds
Reactive Oxygen Species
Seed damage
Morad
Shaban
shabaan.morad@yahoo.com
1
Young researchers and elite club, Boroujed branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Rahmati Motlagh
rahmati.z1365@yahoo.com
2
Young Researchers and Elite club, Boroujed branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bailly, C., 2004. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in seed biology. Seed Science Research. 14;93–107.
1
Balešević-Tubić, S., Tatić, M., Miladinović, J., Malenčić, Đ., 2004. Lipid peroxidation and activity of superoxide dismutase associated with natural aging of oil maize seed. Abstracts. 27th ISTA Congress Seed Symposium.
2
Budapest, Hungary.
3
Balešević-Tubić, S., Tatić, M., Miladinović, J., Pucarević, M., 2007. Changes of fatty acids content and vigor of sunflower seed during natural aging. Helia. 30; 61-67.
4
Basavarajappa, B.S., Shetty, H.S., Prakash, H.S. 1991. Membrane deterioration and other biochemical changes, associated with accelerated ageing of maize seeds. Seed Science and Technology. 19; 279-286.
5
Basra, A.S., Malik, C.P., 1994. Amelioration of the effects of ageing in onion seeds. Biology Plantarum. 36(3); 365-371.
6
Basra, A.S., 1984. Basic mechanisms and agricultural implications. Food Products Press, England. 183-200.
7
Beyranvand, H., Farnia, A., Nakhjavan, S.H., Shaban, M., 2013. Response of yield and yield components of maize (Zea maiz L.) to different bio fertilizers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research.
8
1 (9); 1068-1077.
9
Cheah, K.S.E., Osborne, D.J., 1978. DNA lesions occur with loss of viability in embryos of ageing rye seeds. Nature. 272; 593–599.
10
Stein, J.C., Hansen, G., 1999. Mannose induces an endonuclease responsible for DNA laddering in plant cells. Plant Physiology. 121; 71–80.
11
Copeland, L.O., Mc Donald, M.B., 1995. Principles of seed science and technology. New York: McMillan. 321.
12
Ferguson, J.M., TeKrony, D.M., Egli, D.B., 1990. Changes during early soybean seed and axes deterioration: II. Lipids. Crop Science. 30; 179-182.
13
Ghasemnezhad, A., Honermeier, B., 2007. Influence of storage conditions on quality and viability of high and low oleic sunflower seeds. International Journal of Plant Production. 3(4); 41-50.
14
Goel, A., Goel, A.K., Sheoran, I.S., 2003. Changes in oxidative stress enzymes during artificial ageing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology. 160; 1093–100.
15
Goel, A., Goel, A.K., Sheoran, I.S., 2002. Changes in oxidative stress enzymes during artificial ageing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology. 160; 1093-1100.
16
Hsu, C.C., Chen C.L., Chen, J.J., Sung, J.M., 2003. Accelerated agingenhanced lipid peroxidation in bitter gourd seeds and effects of priming and hot water
17
soaking treatments. Scientia Horticulturae. 98; 201–12.
18
Kalpana, R., Rao, M.K.V., 1993. Lowered lipoxygenase activity in seeds of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill.) cultivars during accelerated ageing. Seed Science and Technology. 21; 269-272.
19
Kiani, M., Farnia, A., Shaban, M., 2013. Changes of seed yield, seed protein and seed oil in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under application of different bio fertilizers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1(10); 1170-1178.
20
Kibinza, S., Vinel, D., Coˆme, D., Bailly, C., Corbineau, F., 2006. SunPlower seed deterioration as related to moisture content during ageing, energy metabolism and active oxygen species scavenging. Physiologia
21
Plantarum. 128; 496–506.
22
Laloi, C., Apel, K., Danon, A., 2004. Reactive oxygen signalling: the latest news. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 7; 323-328.
23
Lehner, A., Mamadou, N., Poels, P., Côme, D., Bailly, C., Corbineau, F., 2008. Changes in soluble carbohydrates, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in the embryo during ageing in wheat grains. Journal of Cereal Science. 47; 555-565.
24
Loycrajjou, A., Lovigny, Y., Steven, P.C., Groot, B., Belghazi, M., Job, C., Job, D., 2008. Proteome wide characterization of seed ageing in arabidopsis. A
25
comparison between artificial and natural ageing. Production Plant Physiology. 148: 620–41.
26
McDonald, M.B., 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology. 27; 177–237.
27
McDonald, M.B., 2004. Orthodox seed deterioration and its repair, pp. 273-304. In: Handbook of Seed Physiology: Applications to Agriculture, Benech-Arnold, R. L. and R.A. Sanchez (Eds.). Food Products Press. New
28
Merritt, D.J., Senaratna, T., Touchell, D.H., Dixon, K.W., Sivasithamparam, K., 2003. Seed ageing of four Western Australian species in relation to storage environment and seed antioxidant activity. Seed Science Research. 13;
29
155–65.
30
Milošević, M., Ćirović, M., Mihaljev, I., Dokić, P., 1996. Opšte semenarstvo, Feljton, Novi Sad: 148-151.
31
Mitrovic, A., Ducic, T., Rajlic, I.L., Radotic, K., Zivanovic, B., 2005. Changes in Chenopodium rubrum seeds with ageing. Annals of Nwe York Academy of Science. 1048; 505–8.
32
Mohammadi, H., Soltani, A., Sadeghipour, H.R., Zeinali, E., 2011. Effect of seed aging on subsequent seed reserve utilization and seedling growth in soybean. International Journal of Plant Product. 5(1); 65-70.
33
Morello, J.R., Motilva, M.J., Tovar, M.J., Romero, M.P., 2004. Changes in commercial virgin olive oil (CV Arbequina) during storage with special emphasis on the phenolic fraction. Journal of Food Chemistry. 85; 357-364.
34
Murthy, U.M.N., Kumar, P.P., and Sun, W.Q., 2003. Mechanisms of seed ageing under different storage conditions for Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek: Lipid peroxidation, sugar hydrolysis, Maillard reactions and 2305 Morad Shaban / Int. J. Adv. Biol. Biom. Res, 2014; 2 (7), 2301-2305 their relationship to glass state transition. Journal of Food Chemistry. 54; 1057-1067.
35
Pallavi, M., Sudheer, S.K., Dangi, K.S., Reddy, A.V., 2003. Effect of seed ageing on physiological, biochemical and yield attributes in sunflower (Helianthus Annus L.) cv. Morden. Seed Research. 31 (2); 161–8.
36
Popović, B., 2006. Uticaj γ- zračenja na antioksidantni sistem odabranih genotipova soje i pojava oksidativnog stresa. Doktorska disertacija, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Departman za hemiju, Novi Sad.
37
Priestley, D.A., 1986. Seed Ageing: Implications for Seed Storage and Persistence in the Soil. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
38
Pukacka, S., Ratajczak, E., 2007. Age-related biochemical changes during storage of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seeds. Seed Science Research. 17; 45–53.
39
Salama, A.M., Pearce, R.G., 1993. Ageing of cucumber and onion seeds: Phospholipase d, lipoxygenase activity and changes in phospholipid content. Seed Research. 44; 1253-1265.
40
Scialabba, A., Bellani, L.M., Dell’aquila, A., 2002. Effects of ageing on peroxidase activity and localization in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds. European Journal of Histochemistry. 46 (4); 351–358.
41
Shaban, M., 2013a. Application of seed equilibrium moisture curves in agro physics. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1 (9); 885-898.
42
Shaban, M. (2013b). Biochemical aspects of protein changes in seed physiology and germination. International journal of Advanced Biological and
43
Biomedical Research. 1 (8); 885-898.
44
Shen, T.Y. Oden, P.C., 1999. Activity of sucrose synthase, soluble acid invertase and fumarase in germinating seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) of different quality. Seed Science and Technology. 27 (3); 825-838.
45
Sisman, C., Delibas, L., 2004. Storing sunPlower seed and quality losses during storage. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 4; 239-250.
46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Effect of Various Amounts of Humic Acid on Yield, Yield Components and Protein of Chickpea Cultivars (Cicer Arietinum L.)
Objective: In addition to the role of organic matter in plant nutrition, this material improves soil quality, physical structure, ventilation and water supply, and ease of penetration and expansion is rooted deep in the soil surface. Effects of organic matter due to climatic factors, soil characteristics may vary from region to region, resulting in organic materials management must be given to all factors affecting. Methods: Effect of various amounts of Humic acid on yield, Yield Components and Protein of Chickpea Cultivar s an experimental was conducted on farms of Raan Agricultural Company in spring 2013 at the city of Firouzkouh in a factorial based on randomized complete block design format with three replication In this test, Humic acid was studied in four levels of nil (control), 1.5, 3 and 4.5 kg in each ha on three species of chickpea named “ILC482”, “Hashem” and “Arman”. Humic acid solution spraying was conducted at three stages of 2-4 leaves, 6-8 leaves and early flowering stage. Results: The Delete results showed that use of Humic acid has had significant effect on most of studied traits and at the level of 1% and 5% probability. Use of 3 kg of Humic acid in each hectare showed more effect in most studied traits. The maximum percentage of protein was obtained in use of 3 kg of Humic acid in each hectare as much as 20.48 percent while the minimum amount (11.41 percent) related to the control group. The results showed that significant difference was observed between species of chickpea in terms of studied traits. The chickpea species “ILC482” stood at superior rank than the others species in terms of yield, Yield production with its yield rate of 2,386 kg in each hectare.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8064_3536a11104ee5625de8d00f8235a60b8.pdf
2014-07-01
2306
2313
Chickpea
Humic acid
Yield
Yield components
Protein
Jamal
Saadati
1
Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Baghi
mbaghi@riau.ac.ir
2
Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ayuso, M., Hernandez, T., Garcia, C. Pascual, J.A., 1996. A comparative study of the effect on barley growth of humic substances extracted from
1
municipal wastes and from traditional organic materials. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 72; 493 – 500.
2
Banaei, T., 1997. Chickpea from planting stage up to harvesting stage, Agricultural Extensional, Training and Research Organization Publications.
3
Bulent Asik, B., Turan, A., Celik, H., Vahap Katkat. A., 2009. Effects of Humic ubstances on Plant Growth and Mineral Nutrients Uptake of Wheat
4
(Triticum durum cv. Salihli) Under Conditions of Salinity. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 1; 87-95.
5
Burdick, E.M., 1965. "Commercial Humates for agriculture and the fertilizer industry". Economic Botany. 2; 152–156.
6
Chris, W., Anderson, N., Stewart, R.B., 2005. Soil and foliar application of humic acid for mustard production. Environment Pollution. 254-257.
7
Delifine, S., Tognetti, R., Desiderio, E., Alvino, A., 2005. Effect Of Foliar Application Of N And Humic Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological
8
Sciences. 25; 183-191.
9
El-Bassiony, A.M., Fawzy, Z.F., Abd El-Baky, M.M.H., Asmaa, R.M., 2010. Response of Snap Bean Plants to Mineral Fertilizers and Humic Acid
10
Application. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 6(2); 169-175.
11
El–Ghamry, A.M., Abd El–Haiand, K.M., Ghoneem, K.M., 2009. "Amino and Humic Acids promote growth , yield and disease resistance of faba Bean
12
cultivated in clayey soil". Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(2); 731–739.
13
Farnia, A., 2006. Effects of drought stress on nitrogen fixation of the bacteria strains of Rhizobium japonicum and their connection with growth and yield of Soybean (Clark variety).Ph.D. thesis. Islamic Azad Uuniversity, Science and
14
Research Branch. 150-165.
15
Farnia, A,M., Nasrollahi, A., 2010, studying performance and component of chickpea cultivar affected by biological fertilizer, 5th New Innovations Seminar in Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan Branch.
16
Fat'hi, M., Rezaei, M., and Sa'adatmand, G.H., 2010, Effect of organic fertilizers on health of society and environment, 1st Fertilizer Challenges Congress in Iran, half a century consumption of fertilizer,
17
Esfand. 10-12.
18
Hagh-Parast, M., Maleki Farahani, S.,– Masoud Sinaki, J., Zare, G.H., 2012. Reduction of negative effects of dry tension and stress in chickpea with
19
the application of Humic acid and seaweed extract. production of agricultural plants in environmental.
20
Haj Mohammad Hossein, M. Baghi. M., Fazeli, F., 2011, Reviewing Effect of Humic Acid on Vegetative Organs and Glands of Two Potato Cultivars, abstract of proceedings of 6th New Innovations Seminar in Agriculture, Islamic Azad
21
University of Khorasgan Branch.
22
Kaya, M., Atak, M., Khawar, K.M., Cftc, C.Y., Ozcan, S., 2005. Effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with zinc and foliar spray of humic acid on yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
23
International Journal of Agriculture & Biology. 875–
24
Mazaheri, D., Majnoon Hosseini, N., 2002. Basics of Public Agriculture, University of Tehran Publications, Tehran.
25
Malakouti, M,J., 2006, Sustainable Agriculture and Optimal Use of Fertilizer in Iran, Higher Council of Policy Setting, Reduction of consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, Agricultural Training Periodical, TAT Organization, Agricultural Jihad Ministry, Karaj, IRAN.
26
Mauromicale, G., Angela, M.G.L., Monaco, A.L., 2011. The effect of organic supplementation of solarized soil on the quality of tomato. Soil Biology
27
and Biochemistry. 129 (2); 189-196.
28
Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A., Vianello, A., 2002. Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34;
29
1527–1536.
30
Pirdadeh, Beyranvand, H., Ahmadpour, J., Hayati, B., Hamidian, K., Baharvand, S., 2011. Effect of Irrigation and Fertilizers of Zinc on chickpea
31
agricultural traits, proceedings of 4th National Iranian Cereals Seminar, Markazi Province Natural Resources and Agricultural Research Center, Arak.
32
Qorbani, A., 2011, Effect of seed pre-treatment and super absorbent effect on some qualitative and quantitative specifications of chickpea genotype, a
33
Master's Degree Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia.
34
Qorbani, S,H., Khazaei, R., Kafi, M., Banayan Avval, H., 2010. effect of application of Humic acid in irrigational water on performance and component
35
of corn yield, (Zea Mays L.), Agricultural Ecology Periodical, 2nd . 1; 111–118.
36
Rahmani, M., Habibi, D., Shiranirad, A.H., Daneshian, J., Valadabadi, S.A.R., Mashhad Akbar Boujar, M. Khalatbari, A.H., 2010. The effect of
37
super absorbent polymer on yield, antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) activity and cell membrane stability in mustard
38
under water deficiency stress.
39
Rasaei, B., Ebadi, M., Amiri, R., Resaei, A., 2012, physiological effects of application of Humic acid and complementary irrigation on green peas with
40
"Pisium Sativum L. chickpea cultivar, 12th Iranian Plant Breeding Sciences Congress.
41
Rasaei, B., Ghobadi, M.E., Ghobadi, M., Njaphy, A., 2013. Reducing effects of drought stress by application of Humic acid, Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium on chickpea. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 5 (16); 1775-1778.
42
Sabagh Pour, S.H., 2003. Present Status a future prospect of Chickpea cultivation in Iran. In proceeding of international chick pea conference,
43
Jan, 20-22, kaput, Chattis Gah, India.
44
Sabbaghpour, S.H.M., Safikhani, P., Pezeshkpour, A., Jahangiri, R., Sarparast, A., Karami, M., Pour Siyahbandi, D., Shahriyari, Mahmoudi, F., Keshavarz, K., 2010. Introducing "Azad" chickpea cultivar, new cultivar of farming chickpea for moderate and semitropical regions of Iran in dry –farming condition. Stalk of Sampling Periodical, 2nd Edition. 1 – 26.
45
Sabzevari, S., Khazaei, H., 2009, Effect of Solution Spyraying (Foliar) of various amounts of Humic acid on grwoth specifications, performance and
46
components of yield of wheat with "Pishtaz" cultivar. Agricultural Ecology Periodical. 1(2); 53-63.
47
Sadeghi, Moghadam, S., Moslehi, J., Armin, M., Jami Moeini, M., 2013. Effect of solution spraying (foliar) on various surfaces of Humic acid on performance
48
and component of yield of chickpea cultivar named "Hashem", 2nd National Agricultural Sustainable Development Seminar.
49
Saini, H.S., Westgate, M.E. 2000. Reproductive development in grain crops during drought. Advances in Agronomy. 68; 59-95.
50
Salt, D.E., Prince, R.C., Pickering, I.J., Raskin, I., 2001. Effect of various levels of humic acid (HA) on the growth and yield of Indian mustard. Plant
51
Physiology. 109; 1427-1433.
52
Samavat, S., Moghadam, A., Samavat, S., 2008. Applied principles of organic agriculture. Islamic Azad University of Garmsar. 222.
53
Sibi, M., Mirzakhani, M., 2012. Studying index of harvesting chickpea affected by consumption of Salicylic acid of seaweed extract and Humic acid,
54
proceedings in 12th Iranian Plant Breeding and Agricultural Sciences Congress, Islamic Azad University of Karaj Branch.
55
Sparks, D.L., 2003. In Environmental Soil Chemistry. University Of Delaware. 82-84.
56
Tan, K.H., 2003. Humic Matter in Soil And The Environment. Marcel Dekker, NewYork.
57
Taylor, A.J., Smith, C.S., 1992. Effect of sowing and seeding sate on yield and grain components of irrigated canola growing on a red – brown rarth –
58
eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural. Research. 43; 1929-1941.
59
Timothy, G., Reeves, S., Rayaram, M., Ginkelb, V., Trethowan, R., Braum, H., Cassady, K., 2000. New wheats for a secure, sustainable future.
60
Ulukan, H., 2008. Humic acid application into field crops cultivation. KS Uni. Journal Science. Engendering. 11(2); 119-128.
61
Ulukan, H., Bayraktar, N., Oksel, A., Gursoy, M., Kocak, N., 2012. Agronomic importance of first development of Chickpea (Cicer Arientinum L.) under semi-arid conditions: II. Seed imbibition. Paktan Journal of Biology Science. 15(4); 192-197.
62
Xudan, X., 1986. The effect of foliar application of fulvic acid on water use, nutrient uptake and wheat yield. Australian Journal of Agriculture Research. 37;343-350.
63
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of Energy Consumption Rate in Drying Process of Corn Using Dryer Reservoir in Different Temperature and Height of Layer
Objective: Drying is one of the most important post-harvesting processes in agriculture. Drying method and also drying time have an important effect on the amount of energy required. In this study analysis of energy consumption for drying corn in dryer reservoir with flow of warm air and the effect of the temperature and height of product layer on the amount of energy consumption per unit mass were investigated. Methods: Drying experiments at five different temperatures (70, 80, 90, 100 and 110˚C) and the height of product in the reservoir in four different levels (20, 40, 60 and 80 cm) and at a constant speed of air flow (1 meter per second) were performed in three replications. Results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the product at temperature of 100˚C with layer height of 60 cm had the minimum amount of energy consumption per unit mass while at temperature of 70˚C with layer height of 20 cm the maximum amount of energy consumption per unit mass occurred.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8065_fa8c84716c1435ac9a77c1afb394340a.pdf
2014-07-01
2314
2318
corn
Drying
energy consumption
Height
Temperature
Zahra
Noorghadami
zahranorghadami@yahoo.com
1
Department of Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Javad
Shiekhdavoodi
2
Department of Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyyed Majid
Sajjadiyeh
3
Department of Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Esmail
Khorasani Ferdavani
4
Department of Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Akpinar, E. K., Midilli, A. & Bicer, Y., 2006. The first and second law analysis of thermodynamic of pumpkin drying process. Journal of Food Engineering. 72(4): 320-331.
1
Anonimus, ASAE. 1982. Moisture Measurement : Grain and seeds. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St Joseph, MI 49085, USA.
2
Corzo, O., Bracho, N., Vasquez , A., & Pereira, A. 2008. Energy and exergy analysis of thin layer drying of coroba slices. Journal of Food Engineering. 86(2): 151-161.
3
Gursoy, S., Choudhary, R., & Watson, D.G., 2013. Microwave drying kinetics and quality characteristics of corn. Int J Agric & Biol Eng. 6(1): 90-99. Open Access at
4
http://www.ijabe.org.
5
Sahin, A. Z., & Dincer, I. 2002. Graphical determination of drying process and moisture transfer parameters for solids drying. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 45 (16): 3267–3273.
6
Sharifi,M., Rafiei, Sh., Keyhani, A.R., Akram, A., & Ahmadi, H., 2010. Check dryer energy consumption thin-layer laboratory in the drying process leaf medallion. Sixth National Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering and Mechanization. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University (Iran).
7
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Examining the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Justice and Dimensions of Organizational Commitment
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment of physical education teachers in West Azerbaijan province. Methods: Research method is descriptive-correlation conducted using the field method. Statistical population includes physical education teachers in West Azerbaijan which are 1091 persons. The sample number according to Morgan table is calculated as 285 persons. Stratified random sampling method is used. Data collection tool is perceived organizational justice questionnaire and organizational commitment questionnaire. The perceived organizational justice questionnaire by Niehoff and Moorman contains 22 close-end questions. To measure organizational commitment, Meyer and Allen model containing 24 questions is used. Reliability coefficient of the perceived organizational justice and work ethics questionnaires through Cronbach's alpha is respectively, 0.834 and 0.896. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between dimensions of organizational justice (including distributive justice, procedural justice, interactive justice and interpersonal justice) except for distributive justice, and organizational commitment at level of P≤0.05, based on the F coefficient respectively with participation rates of 20%, 15% and 0.7%. Among the demographic variables (gender, marital status, employment history, education level), the level of education affected relationship between perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment and there was no significant difference between the elements of justice (distributive, procedural and interactive and interpersonal) in terms of gender, work experience, education, type of employment and working field.
https://www.ijabbr.com/article_8195_930ac9c03f75ae8c99d57666fb6e979e.pdf
2014-07-01
2319
2326
perceived organizational justice
Organizational Commitment
Physical education teachers
Khaled
Dodman
1
Department of Physical Education, Malekan branch, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Rahim
Najaf Zadeh
najafzadehrahim@yahoo.com
2
Department of Physical Education sport management, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abedini, S., Esmailzadeh, A. (2009). Examine the relationship between organizational commitment and quality of work life of Shahid Madani hospital staff, Journal of Sociology, First Year, Vol. 2, pp. 133-117.
1
Abu Elanain H. M.2010. Testing the direct and indirect relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes in a non-Western context of the UAE. Journal of Management Development, 29(1) : 5-27.
2
Ansari, ME; Bagheri, A., Salehi, M (2010). Organizational commitment in perspective of theorists and strategic role of human resources in improving it, police human development journal, vol. 31, pp. 72-35.
3
Azgoli, M. (2004) . Historical trend of theories and research on organizational justice. Mesbah Journal, 46:133-115.
4
Bish A. J , Bradley L. M , Sargent L. D. 2004.Creer development for going beyond the call of duty: is it perceived as fair? Journal: Career Development
5
International, 9(4): 391-405.
6
Forret M, Sue Love M . 2008. Employee justice perceptions and coworker relationships Journal: Leadership & Organization Development , 29(3): 248-26
7
Ghafouri M and Golparvar, M. (2009) examining the relationship between organizational justice and organizational commitment components on city council
8
staff, Psychological Studies, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 148-129. Ghiasi, M; Hekmatpoor, A., Ehsan Cheema, A.; Mahboubi, M. and Afkar, A. (2010). Studying the relationship between organizational commitment of nurses the
9
management styles in the public sector of veteran. Tebe-Janbaz Journal. third year, No. 9.
10
Golparvar M, Nadi M. (2010). Cultural values and Equity: Organizational Justice, Job Satisfaction and Turnover. Journal of Cultural Studies, 3 (9): 228-207.
11
Haigh M. M, Pfau M. 2006. Bolstering organizational identity, commitment, and citizenship behaviors through the process of inoculation. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 14(4): 295-316.
12
Handlon, R.L. (2009) The departure of the insurance agent: The impact organizational commitment, organizational justice, and job satisfaction have an intent to leave in the insurance industry, Ph.D. Dissertation, Capalla University.
13
Hosseini, MS, M. and Mehdizadeh, A. (2010). Identify factors influencing organizational commitment. Research Journal of Management, Issue 18.
14
Huff C. Barnard L , Frey. W. 2008. Good computing: a pedagogically focused model of virtue in the practice of computing (part 1). Journal of Information,
15
Communication & Ethics in Society, 6( 3): 46-278.
16
Kumra‚ K‚ Bakhshi‚ A‚ & Rani‚ E (2009). Organizational justice perceptions as predictor of job satisfaction and organizational commitment . The IUP journal; of management research‚ vol‚ 8‚ 10‚ 24- 37
17
Madani, H and Zahedi, M. (2005). Priority factors influencing organizational commitment (a case study on Fajr and Bidboland gas refining companies). Iranian Journal of Sociology. Volume VI, Issue 1, pp. 33-3.
18
Na’amy Z, Shekarshekan, H. (2006). Examining the simple and multiple relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior in staff of an industrial organization in Ahwaz. Journal of
19
Educational Psychology, 3 (1): 92 -79.
20
Olson B. J, Nelson D. L, Parayitam S.2006. Managing aggression in organizations: what leaders must know. Journal : Leadership & Organization Development, 27(5):384-398.
21
Podsakoff, P.M.; Makenzie, S.B. and Paine, J.B. (2000) Organizational citizenship behaviors : A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research, Journal of Management, Vol. 26, pp.513-533.
22
Robie C, Brown D, Bly P. R . 2005. The big five in the USA and Japan. Journal of Management Development, 24( 8):720-736.
23
Sajjadi, H.; Khamesipour, M, H Zadeh, A. and Valli, L. (2009). Organizational commitment and intention to leave the department by staff of support department of the Isafhan Medical University in 2008-2009. Iran
24
Occupational Health Quarterly. Vo. 6, No. 3.
25
Samadi, A. and Mahdavikhu, R. (2009). Effect of management ethics on the organizational commitment of Tax Administration staff of Hamedan province. Journal of Taxation, No. 4, 52.
26
Sayyari, A. (2008). Examine the relationship between organizational justice and organizational commitment in Iranian Gas Engineering and Development Company, MA thesis, School of Management, Qom Campus, Tehran
27
University.
28
Syed Javadein, R., Farahi, MM. and Taheri Attar, Gh (2008). Understanding the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction and organizational aspects.
29
Journal of Business Management, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 70-55. Taravian, M. (2006). Dimensions of organizational commitment of high school teachers in Isfahan, Science and Research in Education, No. 10 and 11, pp. 120-105. Weaven S, Grace D, Manning M . 2009. Franchisee personality. European Journal of Marketing, 43(1/2): 90-109.
30
Yaghoubi, M, YarMohammadian, M. and Javadi, M. (2008). The relationship between organizational commitment and job stress in educational hospital executives of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Health Management Research Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 33.
31
Zhang L , Nie T, Luo Y. 2009. Matching organizational justice with employment modes: Strategic human resource management perspective. Journal of Technology Management ,4(2): 180-187.
32