Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Boroujerd, Iran
2 Lorestan natural resources and agriculture reaserch center, Boroujerd agricultural reaserch station, Boroujerd, Iran
3 Young researchers and elite club, Boroujed branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
Abstract
Objective: Many agronomic practices may need to be adjusted to maximize yield and quality of sugar beet. Thus agronomic package must be always modified. This sutdy was laid out for evaluation of changes in carbohydrates and sugar yield in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under different biofertilizers and irrigation closed time at Dorud region of Iran, during 2013. Methods: The experimental design was factorial based on RCBD with three replications. Treatments were three irrigation closed time [Oct-6 (A1), Oct-13 (A2) and Oct -21 (A3)] and three nitrogen biofrtilizers [Nitroksin (B1), Nitrokara (B2), Biozar (B3) and control (B4)]. After treatments 3m2 in each plot harvested for sugar measurement. Sugar was determined by Betalizer machine in Isfahan sugar beet factory. Results: The effect of any treatment on root and Molasses sugar was not significant but all treatments were significant on sugar yield and white sugar yield. Among the all treatment highest sugar yield and white sugar yield was belonged at application of Biozar in Oct-13 irrigation closed time and minimum sugar yield and white sugar yield was belonged at application of Nitrokara in Oct-21 irrigation closed time.
Keywords
Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kuwait. Microb Drug Resist, 8: 99-105.
Ahmad, S., Araj, G.F., Akbar, P.K., Fares, E., Chugh, T.D.,Mustafa, A.S. (2000). Characterization of rpoB mutations in rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Middle East. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 38(4): 227-232.
Ahmad, S.,Mokaddas, E. (2005). The occurrence of rare rpoB mutations in rifampicin-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kuwait.
Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 26(3): 205-212.
2465 Tebyanian et al/ Int. J. Adv. Biol. Biom. Res, 2014; 2 (8), 2461-2465
Aktas, E., Durmaz, R., Yang, D., Yang, Z.(2005). Molecular characterization of isoniazid and rifampin resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
clinical isolates from Malatya, Turkey. Microb Drug Resist ,11(2):94-99.
Billington, O.J., McHugh, T.D.,Gillespie, S.H. (1999). Physiological cost of rifampin resistance induced in vitro in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother, 43: 1866-1869.
Borrel, S.,Gagneux, S. (2009). Infectiousness, reproductive fitness and evolution of drugresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis,
13: 1456-1466.
Burman, W.J.,Jones, B.E. (2001). Treatment of HIVrelated tuberculosis in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care, 164:7-12.
Davies, G.R., Cerri, S.,Richeldi, L. (2010). Rifabutin for Treating Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Review). Ltd, The Cochrane Collaboration.
Feuerriegel, S., Oberhauser, B., George, A.G., Dafae, F., Richter, E., R¸sch-Gerdes, S.,Niemann, S. (2012). Sequence analysis for detection of first-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from a high-incidence setting. BMC Microbiology, 90(12): 1-10.
Figueiredo, R., Ramos, D.F., Moiteiro, C., Medeiros, M.A., Marcelo Curto, M.J., Cardoso de Menezes, J., Pando, R.H., Silva, P.E.A.,Costa, M.d.C. (2012).
Pharmacophore insights into rpoB gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampicin resistant isolates. Eur. J. Med. Chem, 47(0): 186-193.
transmission of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS Pathog, 2: 61.
Herrera, L., Valverde, A., Saiz, P., Saez, J.A., Portero, J.L., Jimenez, M.S. (2004). Molecular characterization of isoniazidresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains isolated in the Philippines. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 23:572-576.
Huang, W.L., Chen, H.Y., Kuo, Y.M.,Jou, R. (2009). Performance Assessment of the GenoType MTBDRplus Test and DNA Sequencing in Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol, 47(8): 2520-2524.
King, L., Munsiff, S.S.,Ahuja, S.D. (2010). Achieving international targets for tuberculosis treatment success among HIV-positive patients in New York
City. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis, 12(4): 1613-1620. Lin, Y.-H., Tai, C.-H., Li, C.-R., Lin, C.-F.,Shi, Z.-Y. (2013). Resistance profiles and rpoB gene mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Taiwan. JMII, 46(4): 266-270.
Pym, A.S., Saint-Joanis, B.,Cole, S.T. (2002). Effect of katG mutations on the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the implication for transmission in humans. Infect Immun, 70: 4955-4960.
Simon, A. W., Stuart, M. W., Malcolm, D. Y., Francis, A. D. (1998). Comparison of Three Molecular Assays for Rapid Detection of Rifampin Resistance in
Spies, F.S., von Groll, A., Ribeiro, A.W., Ramos, D.F., Ribeiro, M.O., Dalla Costa, E.R., Martin, A., Palomino, J.C., Rossetti, M.L., Zaha, A.,da Silva, P.E.A. (2013). Biological cost in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mutations in the rpsL, rrs, rpoB, and katG genes. Tuberculosis, 93(2): 150-154.
Van Soolingen, D. (2001). Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections: main methodologies and achievements. J Intern
Med, 249: 1-26.
)