International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research

Synergistic Effects of Beauveria Bassiana, Diatomaceous Earth, and Insecticides on Mortality and Enzyme Activities of Spodoptera Frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Seham Mansour Ismail

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2022183.1491

Abstract

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most destructive pests for many agricultural crops. Since quickly develops resistance ... Read More

Water Extraction of Plant (Momordica Charantia) Reduced Oxidative and Colonic Mucosal Inflammation in Colotic Male Balb/c Mice

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Edu Zainab; Ngozi Maryann Nebolisa; Ayomide Balikis Asebebe; Daniel Ebubechi Obasi; Adeleye Adegboyega Edema; Sulaimon Olajuwon Abdul; Uchechukwu Divine Donatus; Obinna Kenneth Didigwu; Derrick Tochukwu Menankiti; Faith Philip Edem; Blessing Oluwatobi Ojo

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 21 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2020784.1483

Abstract

Medicinal plants are the most easily accessible health resource for the community and frequently the people’s preferred option. Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) is a member ... Read More Medicinal plants are the most easily accessible health resource for the community and frequently the people’s preferred option. Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) is a member of the Cucurbitaceous plant used as a vegetable and in traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water extract of Momordica charantia leaves on male Balb/c mice with acute ulcerative colitis. 28 male mice were acclimatized and equally divided into four groups. The control group was given normal saline; the dextran sulphate sodium group (DSS) received 3% Dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for seven days; the water extract of Momordica charantia + dextran sulphate sodium group (WEMC+DSS) received water extract of Momordica Charantia for seven days before dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) was administered; the water extract of Momordica charantia group (WEMC) received water extract of Momordica charantia (150mg/kg b.wt.) for 14 days. The mice were daily weighed and sacrificed on the 15th day of the experiment. Their colon and brain were collected for evaluation of disease activity indices (DAI) of colitis, and oxidative and inflammatory damage via biochemical and histological assessments. Results obtained showed no significant difference at (p<0.05) in DAI among the groups. The WEMC+DSS when compared with the DSS group had significantly higher catalase (272.9±54.8, 175.1+12.5, and 200.2±29.7), superoxide dismutase–SOD (347.7±37.5, 223.9±13.1, and 254.9±38.8), and glutathione peroxidase–GPx (28.6±2.20, 27.3±1.24, and 27.8±1.57) activities, and SOD/ (catalase+GPX) ratio (0.01±0.00, 0.003±0.00, and 0.01±0.002) and reduced hydrogen peroxide concentration (7.63±0.54, 4.33±1.28, and 5.71±0.75) in both colon and brain cytosolic fractions, respectively. Histological examination showed transmural inflammation in the DSS group as against mild mucosal inflammation in WEMC+DSS. This result shows that water extract of Momordica charantia has the potential to reduce colitis-induced oxidative damage and inflammation. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the water extract of Momordica charantia leaves has the potential to mitigate oxidative damage and inflammation induced by ulcerative colitis in male Balb/c mice. Although there was no significant difference in disease activity indices among the groups, the group treated with the water extract of Momordica charantia before DSS administration showed significantly higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of hydrogen peroxide concentration in both colon and brain cytosolic fractions compared to the DSS group.

Anti-hyperuricemic and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Jatropha tanjorensis Methanolic Extract in Pyrazinamide-Induced Mice

Abdulkadir Abdullahi; Caroline Eneogbu; Sakariyau Adio Waheed; Maimuna Umar; Fatimah Madaki; Yahaya Abubakar

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 115-129

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017433.1474

Abstract

Hyperuricemia presents as a prevailing concern in routine clinical practice, affecting an estimated 8.9% to 24.4% of the general populace. Central to the emergence of hyperuricemia ... Read More Hyperuricemia presents as a prevailing concern in routine clinical practice, affecting an estimated 8.9% to 24.4% of the general populace. Central to the emergence of hyperuricemia and its associated ailments is the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO), which participates in the breakdown of purines into uric acid. This investigation is dedicated to appraising the ability of Jatropha tanjorensis methanolic extract to counteract hyperuricemia and inhibit XO in mice induced with pyrazinamide. The isolation of XO from cow milk was accomplished using ammonium sulfate precipitation techniques, followed by quantification of its activity via spectrophotometric measurements at a wavelength of 293 nm. Evaluation of uric acid levels was carried out through an enzyme colorimetric approach. The yield of Jatropha tanjorensis was found to be 9.2% (27.6 g). The XO inhibitory action of the extract was evident in the reduction in uric acid concentration from 8.73 μg/ml to 4.45 μg/ml after 1 hour. Assessment of toxicity showed that the extract, even at a high dose of 8000 mg/kg bw, had no observable impact on the animals’ behavior or physical appearance. The uric acid assay demonstrated that all three doses of Jatropha tanjorensis extract led to a noteworthy reduction in mean serum uric acid levels compared to the negative control group. The highest mean uric acid levels were noted in the negative control groups, measuring 5.36 ± 0.40 mg/dl and 2.71 ± 0.34 mg/dl, respectively. In contrast, the positive control group treated with febuxostat exhibited a mean uric acid level of 3.15 ± 0.27 mg/dl. Regarding weight changes, the normal control and positive control groups displayed average gains of 62.53 g and 35.94 g, respectively, while the negative control group did not exhibit substantial weight variation. Consequently, the Jatropha tanjorensis extract induced a notable reduction in serum uric acid levels, and this antihyperuricemic effect became more prominent as the extract concentration increased. This suggests the extract's potential value in managing hyperuricemia.

Effects of Jicama- (Pachyehizus erous) Based Oral Rehydration Solution on Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase in Diarrheagenic Rats

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Esther Omolabake Kehinde; Oluwatoyin Olabimpe Olofin

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 130-140

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017216.1472

Abstract

Diarrhea results in the disruption of intestinal architecture and marked decrease in the activity of intestinal brush border enzymes, including Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study ... Read More

Hypoglycemic and Antioxidants Activities of Carica Papaya Leaves

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Blessing Ifeoluwa Ogunniran; Mercy Ogochukwu Ezeh; Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Confidence Damian Oparah; Fawaz Isshak

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 141-154

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017219.1473

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to assess the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Carica papaya's hypoglycemic effects. Yeast glucose uptake, muscle glucose uptake, and glucose ... Read More

Lipophilic Vitamins (D and E) and Flavonoids (Quercetin and Naringin) Attenuate the Effects of Dichlorvos Toxicity on Catalase Activity

Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Alowoeshin Oluwaseun Samuel; Umoren Dayo Otoh; Irimoren Osaruese Emmanuella; Ike Chigozie Okechukwu; Sulaimon Olajuwon Abdul; Okafor Chukwudi Stanley; Adenike Okunade Ambrose; Olamide Tayo Akintola; Hannah Aderinsola Osibodu; Omeiza Momoh; Dayo Abdulwaheed Soleye

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 67-91

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2015198.1470

Abstract

[Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is an organophosphate pesticide and insecticide used all over the world. Catalase is an enzyme that is responsible for degrading hydrogen ... Read More [Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is an organophosphate pesticide and insecticide used all over the world. Catalase is an enzyme that is responsible for degrading hydrogen peroxides present in organs or blood cells and tissue to prevent oxidative damage to these respected organs. The flavonoids (naringin and quercetin) and vitamin D and E have been found to reduce oxidative stress in the body. The study was carried out to detect the effect of specific lipophilic vitamins, naringin, and quercetin on catalase activity in the presence of a dichlorvos induced system. 112 male rats were divided into 14 groups of 8 rats each grouped as positive and negative control groups, dichlorvos only induced groups (2 groups), vitamins only induced groups (vitamin D and vitamin E), flavonoids only induced groups (quercetin and naringin), dichlorvos + vitamins administered groups (2 group each containing a different vitamin administration), and dichlorvos + flavonoids administered groups, baseline group and DMSO4 group. They were administered the dichlorvos for two weeks, and subsequent administration of vitamin D and E with naringin and quercetin respectively two weeks after. The animals were weighed every three days and were sacrificed immediately after administration, plasma and RBC along with the organs (liver and brain) were used to assess the effects of the vitamins and phytochemicals antioxidant capacity on catalase activity of the animals. Results showed that specific vitamin D, naringin, and quercetin were most important in their antioxidant capacity and helped improved catalase activity of initially treated dichlorvos group in some organs and compartments with the brain and red blood cells mostly benefitting from it with dichlorvos + vitamin D group, and vitamin D group having an SEM of 0.141±0.0044 and 0.150±0.00069, respectively, in the red blood cells. Meanwhile, the phytochemicals (naringin and quercetin) were more prominent in attenuating catalase activity in the brain with dichlorvos + naringin group and naringin group recording an SEM of 2.216±0.067 and 2.302±0.076, respectively, and dichlorvos + quercetin group and quercetin group recorded an SEM of 0.670±0.009 and 1.276±0.060, respectively. As a result, the fat-soluble vitamins, and phytochemicals reduced dichlorvos toxicity, but could not offer complete and absolute protection against the hydrogen peroxides and oxidative stress produced.

Esterase Activity in Homogenates of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) Exposed to Low-Lethal Doses of Chlorantraniliprole and Emamectin Benzoate

Seham Mansour Ismail

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 107-114

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2015152.1469

Abstract

Background: Chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate have been widely used to control pests including FAW. For effective pest control, the sublethal effects of these insecticides ... Read More

Moringa Leaves with Beneficial Secondary Metabolites

Jaya B. Puri; AbdulBasit Shaikh; Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 164-171

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2023.2002641.1441

Abstract

Background: Moringa originally belongs to India and later on it is taken up to different parts of the world. Moringa oleifera is well known ethnobotanical plant belongs to Moringaceae ... Read More

Resistance of Egyptian Field Populations of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Emamectin Benzoate and Role of Detoxification Enzymes

Seham Mansour Ismail

Volume 10, Issue 4 , October 2022, , Pages 277-287

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2022.562491.1418

Abstract

Background: One of the most significant pests that harm numerous agricultural crops ‎is the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and it has evolved resistance ‎to ... Read More

The Toxicological effect of Cuscuta epithymum and Artemisia absinthium species on CP70 ovarian cancer cells

Homa Hakimian; Saeed Rezaei-Zarchi; Amaneh Javid

Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2021, , Pages 331-339

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2021.526486.1355

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide and is also the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women in recent years. Herbs have been ... Read More

The Effect Of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid on Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

sahar Parchizadeh; Behrooz Salehi-Eskandari

Volume 9, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 202-213

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2021.524303.1347

Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which a deficiency of vitamin B12 along with folic acid can contribute to its progression. The aim of this study was ... Read More

Hypercholesterolemia Ameliorating Effect of Bangladeshi High Yield Variety Rice Bran Oil

Mohammad Azizur Rahman; Jannatul Ferdous; Shakir Hosen; Mahmudul Hasan; Afroza Parvin; Habibul Bari Shojib

Volume 9, Issue 1 , January 2021, , Pages 48-57

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2021.44619

Abstract

Background: Hypercholesterolemia led cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications are plaguing the globe. In the present study,Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) high yield variety ... Read More

Kinetic Studies With Crude wild pear Lipoxygenase at during ripening and after storage

Shahriar Saeidian; Bahaaldin Rashidzadeh; Roza Negahdari

Volume 8, Issue 1 , March and April 2020, , Pages 17-28

https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/IJABBR.2020.1.3

Abstract

Crude wild pear lipoxygenase (LOX) from ripe Kurdistan wild pears was used in this study. Extracted crude LOX was assayed spectrophotometrically for raw, ripe wild pear lipoxygenase ... Read More

Biochemical analysis of bovine (BosIndicus) seminal plasma

Ajab Khan; M.Masoom Yasinzai; Muhammad Azam Kakar

Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2015, , Pages 361-369

https://doi.org/10.18869/IJABBR.2015.361

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the comparison between some seminal plasma parameters and age of the bull. Concentrations of various biochemical parameters like fructose, glucose, ... Read More

Tocotrienol Modulates the Expression of Proteins in Oxidative Stress-Induced Caenorhabditis Elegans

Goon Jo Aan; Mohd Shahril Aszrin Zainudin; Noralisa Abdul Karim; Choor Chee Ken; Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah

Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2015, , Pages 222-230

Abstract

Objective: Oxidative stress that damages proteins result in aging and age related diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) on the ... Read More

The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Gene Polymorphisms Fok1 In Obese Pakistanis – a Preliminary Report

Muhammad Haris Lucky; Saeeda Baig

Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2015, , Pages 257-262

Abstract

Objective: The role of vitamin D has soared to a pinnacle in recent years with functions affecting 229 human genes linked to cardiovascular, autoimmune, humoral, pulmonary and neurological ... Read More

Effect of Anti Browning Agents on Partial Purified Polyphenol Oxidase of Hawthorn (Crataegus Spp

Shahriar Saeidian

Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2014, , Pages 2472-2482

Abstract

Objective: Polyphenol oxidase or PPO (EC 1.14.18.1) is considered the enzyme responsible for quality deterioration and browning in different fruits during postharvest period. The objective ... Read More

DNA Intercalators and Using Them as Anticancer Drugs

Masoud Karimi Goftar; Nasrollah Moradi Kor; Zahra Moradi Kor

Volume 2, Issue 3 , March 2014, , Pages 811-822

Abstract

Many anticancer drugs in clinical use interact with DNA through intercalation, which is process that starts with the transfer of the intercalating molecule from an aqueous environment ... Read More

Comparison of Hydrodistillation, Microwave Hydrodistillation and Solvent Free Microwave Methods in Analysis of the Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Haplophyllum Robustum Bge. by GC/MS Method

Mehran Moradalizadeh; Naghmeh Samadi; Peyman Rajaei

Volume 1, Issue 9 , September 2013, , Pages 1058-1067

Abstract

The genus Haplophyllum, which belongs to the Rutaceae family, includes 18 species in Iran. In this study, after collecting plant material, botanical identification and suitable drying, ... Read More

Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oils From the Leaves, Flowers and Seeds of TAGETS MINUTA L. bY GC/MS

Mehran Moradalizadeh; Moein Mehrabpanah; Maryam Salajeghe; Masoud Nayebli

Volume 1, Issue 9 , September 2013, , Pages 1124-1128

Abstract

Tagetes is a genus of 56 species of annual and perennial mostly herbaceous plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae).In this research our goal was recognizing the main ... Read More

New Approach for Removal of Total Hardness ( Ca2+, Mg2+ ) from Water Using Commercial Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogel Beads, Study and Application

Ahmed Mahdi Saeed; Mohammad Jassim Hamzah

Volume 1, Issue 9 , September 2013, , Pages 1142-1156

Abstract

Adsorption and water treatment of Ca (II) and Mg (II) hardness were investigated via adsorption of metal ions onto commercial polyacrylic acid hydrogel beads as a novel sorbent for ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Main Subjects = Biochemistry

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