International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research

MSRT, Google Scholar     h-index: 31

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Publication Ethics

Publication Cycle-Process Flowchart

Article Processing Charges

Publisher Business Model

Journal’s Policies for Plagiarism, Fess and Publication

Open Access Policy

Self-Archiving Policy

Authors Benefits

Journal Metrics

Related Links

FAQ

News

Editors

Editorial Policies

Guidelines for Guest Editors

Reviewers

Peer Review Process

Peer Review Policy

The impact of fire on the forest and plants diversity in Iranian Oak forest

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduated of silviculture and forest ecology, University of Tehran, Karadj, Iran

2 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Ph.D. student of forestry, Department of forestry, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, sari, Iran

Abstract

Fire, as a natural ecological disturbance factor in forest, this study located in the Marivan region, Northern Zagros forest, and western Iranian state of Kurdistan. In each burned and unburned area 30 circle sample plot (1000 m2) were collected by randomized–systematic method in the 100×200 m net (in total 60 plots). In every sample plot the kind of species, number of tree, the height of coppice shoot, the diameter of coppice shoot at breast height, tree crown diameter, shrub and regeneration information (i.e. coppice and seed provenance) were recorded. In the sample plots the micro plots of 2 m by 2 m (i.e. area of 4 m2) were designed and herb information was recorded then. Species diversity indexes including Shannon Wiener (H׳), Simpson (1-D) and Margaleff (R1) were used to evaluate plant diversity in each sample plot. Data analyzing was done by SPSS16 and Ecological Methodological software’s. In this forest have 79 plant species, which consist of 6 trees, 4 shrubs and 69 herbaceous species. Results indicated that Compositae families have the highest number of species. Herbaceous layer in burned area has higher the unburned area, but shrub layers in the unburned area higher the burned area. T-test analysis indicated the differences between diversity indexes in the shrub and Herbaceous in the two areas were statistically significant, but differences between diversity indexes in the tree layer in the two areas not statistically significant. Herbaceous layer had the highest richness, evenness and diversity in the vegetation layer.

Keywords

References
Askari. A, Kafash Saei. E, Delpasand. S,  Rezaei.D. (2013c), Evaluation of Crategus sp. spatial pattern in the Central Zagros Forest, International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(2),179-185.
Askari. Y., Parsapour. M.K., hosseni. Z. (2013). Modeling of Suitability Iranian Oak site for establish of coppice regeneration in Zagros forest. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 61-70.
Anonymous, 2002. Statistical Yearly Report. Management and planning Organization of Iran, 156p.
Atrakchaieem. A, 2000. Fire effects on vegetation changes in Golestan National Park, Iran. Forestry M. Sc. Thesis, University of Mazandaran, 85p.
Banj Shafiei, Abbas., Akbarinia, Moslem., Jalali, Seyyed Gholamali., Azizi Pirouz and Hosseini, Seyyed Mohsen, 2006. Effect of Fire on Herbal Layer Biodiversity in a Temperate Forest of Northern Iran. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(12): 2273-2277.
Bazyar. M., Bonyad. A., Babaie Kafaki. S. (2013a). Study of most element of forest destruction by used the IRS-1C and LANDSAT image in the southern zagros forest (Case study: Kohkeloeye and Boveirahmad province). International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 35-44.
Bazyar. M., Haidari. M., Shabanian. N., Haidari. R.H. (2013b). Impact of physiographical factors on the plant species diversity in the Northern Zagros Forest (Case study, Kurdistan Province, Marivan region). Annals of Biological Research, 4 (1):317-324. 
Dastmalchi, M., 1998. Investigation compatibility experimental of tree species Ardabil province. Jangal and Senoubar J. Inst. For. Ranglands Res, NO.203: 168.
Debano, L.F., Conrad, C.E, 1978. The effect of fire on nutrients in a chaparral ecosystem. Ecology, 59: 489-497.
Delcourt H. R., Delcourt P. A, 1997. Pre-Columbian Native American use of fire on southern Appalachian landscapes. Conservation Biology, 11: 1010-1014.
Ejtehadi, H., Sepehry, A., Akkafi, HR, 2009. Method of measuring biodiversity. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication No. 530. Mashhad, Iran.
Fattahi, M, 1994. Study on Zagros oak forests and the most important their destruction causes. Institute of Forests and Rangelands Research press. Sanandaj. Iran.
Franklin, J., Syphard, A.D., Hong, S.H., Mladenoff, D.J., 2005. Altered fire regimes affect landscape patterns of plant succession in the foothills and mountains of southern California. Ecosystems, 8: 885–898.
Haidari. M., Jalilvand. H., Haidari. R.H., Shabanian. N., (2012 a). Study of Plant Biodiversity in Grazed and Non-grazed Areas in the Iran-o-Turanian Ecological Zones (Case Study: Yazd Province, IRAN). Annals of Biological Research, 3 (11):5019-5027.
Haidari. M., Namiranian. M., Gahramani. L., Zobeiri. M., Shabanian. N. (2013a). Study of vertical and horizontal forest structure in Northern Zagros Forest (Case study: West of Iran, Oak forest). European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(1):268-278.
Haidari. M., Etemad. V and Khosropour. E. (2013b). Study of tree regeneration in the grazed and non-grazed areas in the Iran-o- Turanian Ecological Zones. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 18-24.
Haidari. M., Rezaei. D., (2013c). Study of plant diversity in the Northern Zagros forest (Case study: Marivan region). International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 1-10.
Haidari. M., Namiranian. M., Zobeiri. M and Ghahramany. L. (2013d). Evaluation of different sampling method to study of tree density (tree/hectare) in the Zagros forest. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 11-17.
Haidari. M. (2013e). Study of herb diversity in the zagros forest (Case study: Kurdistan province). International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research (IJABBR), 1(1): 25-34.
Haidrai. M., Bazyar. M., Hosseini. S.A., Haidari. R.H., Shabanian. N. (2013f), Study of forest destruction by used the diversity index in the Northern Zagros Forest (Case study: Oak forest). International Journal of Biological & Medical Research, 4(1): 2720- 2725.
Haidari. M, Yarali. N, Shabanian. N. (2013F).  Evaluation of different sampling method to study of Diameter at Breath Height in the Zagros forest, International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(2), 96-103.
Huston, M. A, 1994. Biological diversity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Hooper, D.U., Chapin, F.S., Ewel, J.J., Hector, A., Inchausti, P., Lavorel, S., Lawton, J.H., Lodge, D.M., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Schmid, B., Setala, H., Symstad, A.J., Vandermeer, J., Wardle, D.A, 2005. Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge. Ecological Monographs, 75: 3–35.
Jazirehi, MH., Rostaghi, EM, 2003. Silviculture in Zagros. University of Tehran Press. Tehran. 520.
Laughlin, D.C., J.D. Bakker, M.T.Stoddard, M.L.Daniels and J.D.Springer, 2004.Toward reference conditions: Wildfire effects on flora in an old-growth ponderosa pine forest, Forest Ecol and Manage, 192: 137-152.
Luis-Calabuig, E., Ta´ rrega, R., Calvo, L., Marcos, E., Valbuena, L., 2000. History of landscape changes in northwest Spain according to land use and management. In: Trabaud, L. (Ed.), Life and Environment in the Mediterranean. WIT Press, Southampton, pp. 43–86.
Mirdavoodi, HR., Zahedi Pour, H, 2005. Determination of suitable species diversity model for Meghan playa plant association and effect of some ecological factors on diversity change. Pajuhesh & Sazandegi, 68: 56-65.
Mackey, R. L., and D. J. Currie. 2000. A re-examination of the expected effects of disturbance on diversity. Oikos 88: 483–493.
Mehta, J.P., S.C. Tiwari and B.S. Bhandari, 1997. Phytosociology of woody vegetation under different management regimes in Garhwal Himalaya. J.Trop Forest Sci, 10: 24-34.
Metlen, K.L., C.E.Fiedler, 2005. Restoration treatment effects on the under story of Ponderosa Pine/Douglas-Fire Forest in Western Montana, USA. Forest Ecol. Manage, 222: 355-369.
Parma. R., Shataee. S. (2013). Estimation of species diversity of trees and shrubs using ETM+ sensor data (Case study of forests in Qalajeh Kermanshah province). International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(1): 71-78.
Peet, R.K, 1997.The measurement of species diversity. Ann. Rev. Ecol, Systematics 5, pp.285-307.
Plocher, A.E., 1999. Plant population dynamics in response to fire in long leaf pineturkey Oak Barrens  and adjacent Wetter communities in southeast Virginia. J.Torry Bot. Soc, 126: 213 – 225.
Pourbabaei. H., Navgran. S, 2011. Study on floristic and plant species diversity of the Lebanon oak site (Quercus libani) in the western Iran. Biocenose Journal, 3 (1): 15-22.
Pourreza, M.,  Safari, H., Khodakarami, Y.,  Mashayekhi, S, 2009. Preliminary results of post fire resprouting of manna oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) in the Zagros forests, Kermanshah. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 17(2): 225-236. 
Rezaei. R, Irannezhad Parizi. M.H, Jafari Kokhdan. A,  Zolfaghari. R (2013), Study qualities and quantities tree parameters in the protected and non-protected areas in the Dena Biosphere Reserve, International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(2), 171-178.        
Sanghoon, C., K.Woen and S.Che, 1997. Comparison of plant community structures in cut and uncut areas at burned area of Mt. Gnmo-San.J.Kor.Forestry Soc, 86: 509-520.
Wienk, C.L., C.H. Sieg and G.R. McPherson, 2004. Evaluating the role of cutting treatments, fire and soil seed banks in an experimental framework in Ponderosa Pine Forest of the Black Hills. South Dakota. Forest Ecol and Manage, 192: 375-393.
Zabiholahii. S., Haidari. M., Namiranian. N., Shabanian. N. (2012). Effect of traditional forest management practices in Havare khol pattern on forest structure (Case study: Kurdistan province, Northern Zagros forest). IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS), 5(1): 42-47.
International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume 1, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
March 2013
Pages 273-284
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 19 July 2014
  • Accept Date: 19 July 2014
Share
How to cite
Statistics