International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research

Assessment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Immunity Status Amid Inhabitants of Wukari in Taraba State, North-East Nigeria: A Community-Based Study

Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth; Anyiam Ifeoma Vivian; Abhadionmhen Onolunosen Abel; Ofiri Pascal Ngozi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 30 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2022107.1490

Abstract

Hepatitis B viral infection is one of the major global public health problems which are a hushed killers in the world. This virus infection is transmitted through body fluid with an ... Read More Hepatitis B viral infection is one of the major global public health problems which are a hushed killers in the world. This virus infection is transmitted through body fluid with an infected individual. This study focuses on the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, specifically examining the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies (HBsAb) among individuals in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. The research which was conducted in Wukari metropolis, sampled 100 persons of which male were 35 and female were 75 with age range from 15 to 45 years, using standard serological procedures, specifically Combo Rapid test immunochromatographic test strips. This study showed an 18% prevalence of HBsAg and a 15% prevalence of HBsAb, revealing a relatively low overall occurrence of active HBV infections. The results also show Sero- positive of HBsAg was more in male (20%) compared to females (16.9%). In contrast, the HBsAb Sero- positive was more in female (14.7%) than in male (11.4%). In terms of age group 21-25 years has the highest age based HBsAg prevalence of 40%. Also, gender disparities and age-based trends suggest higher susceptibility among certain demographics which is notably among males demonstrating a higher prevalence of HBsAg which is possibly influenced by behavioral factors and healthcare-seeking behaviors. However, females exhibited a higher prevalence of HBsAb, indicating potential immunity from past infection or vaccination. In conclusion, the findings of this study underscore the importance of encouraging individuals to undergo screening and ascertain their hepatitis B virus (HBV) status. This proactive approach is essential for effective management, thereby reducing the risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer, as well as preventing transmission to others. Therefore, for individuals who test positive for HBV, early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and vaccination are crucial preventive measures. It is imperative to emphasize the necessity of enhancing vaccination rates and healthcare assessments in Wukari to mitigate the risks associated with HBV infection effectively.

Pervasiveness of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV), among Individuals in Wukari, Taraba State, North-East Nigeria

Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth; Anyiam Vivian Ifeoma; Ofiri Pascal Ngozi; Abhadionmhen Onolunosen Abel

Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2024, , Pages 237-247

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2022103.1489

Abstract

Globally Human immune-deficiency virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, originating in the 1980s and since then, it has continued to pose a significant public ... Read More Globally Human immune-deficiency virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, originating in the 1980s and since then, it has continued to pose a significant public health challenge most especially in Sub-Sahara Africa and particularly in Nigeria. Despite advancements, challenges persist, including disparities in treatment access and emerging issues like the intersection with the Ebola and COVID-19 pandemic. This study focuses on determining HIV pervasiveness in Wukari, Taraba State, North East, Nigeria, given its historical burden and progress. The study, conducted in Wukari Town, Southern Taraba, had 100 (35 Males and 65 Females) individuals aged 11-60 participating. HIV rapid test kit was used for the analysis of blood samples collected from participants using standard serological techniques. The results obtained indicated an overall HIV prevalence of 18%, with females (12%) showing higher rates than males (6%). The age group 21-30 had the highest number of positive cases, representing 10% for both males and females. Comparisons with previous studies suggest evolving prevalence patterns, raising concerns about potential underdiagnosis. Gender disparities reflect global trends, emphasizing the vulnerability of women, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding age-specific risks is crucial, with the 21-30 age group requiring targeted interventions. The absence of cases in the 51-60 age group prompts an examination of the effectiveness of prevention measures. This study accentuates the dynamic nature of HIV prevalence, advocating for ongoing research to inform tailored interventions and adapt strategies based on evolving demographic landscapes. This research study further re-affirms the need for routine baseline screening for this serological marker, as it is a major consideration in the commencement and choice of highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Hence, the results of the study implies that patients should be encouraged to go for screening and know their status for proper management and take steps to avoid infecting other individuals. Also, for those that are seropositive, early diagnosis and treatment are recommended measures. Finally, there is need for vigorous awareness campaigns on the routes of transmission of these infections and to educate people living in developing regions as to the deadly effect of these infections.

Unveiling Co-Infections: Hepatitis C Virus And Malaria Sero-Prevalence Among Outpatients Attending General Hospital Wukari In Taraba State, Nigeria

Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth; Benjamin Nanisi Daniel

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 192-205

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2021777.1485

Abstract

Malaria and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are significant public health challenges when they overlap geographic distributions. There is potential for co-infections and syndemism ... Read More

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Keywords = Wukari

Assessment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Immunity Status Amid Inhabitants of Wukari in Taraba State, North-East Nigeria: A Community-Based Study

Abstract

Pervasiveness of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV), among Individuals in Wukari, Taraba State, North-East Nigeria

Abstract

Unveiling Co-Infections: Hepatitis C Virus And Malaria Sero-Prevalence Among Outpatients Attending General Hospital Wukari In Taraba State, Nigeria

Abstract