Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be-University), Allahabad-211007, Pradesh, India.
2 Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Jammu, India
10.26655/ijabbr.2018.1.3
Abstract
The experiment was conducted under in vitro and field conditions to observe the effect of bio-agents, botanical and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using CRD. Maximum inhibition per cent mycelia growth was observed in Propiconazole (89.72%), Hexaconazole (88.44%), Vitavax (87.70%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum (85.50%), Trichoderma viride (83.30%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (80.73%) and neem leaf extract (73.57%) as compared to control (0). An experiment was conducted under field condition to observe the effect of bio-agents, neem leaf extract and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using RBD. Maximum plant height (cm) was observed in T. viride (78.82cm) followed by T. harzianum (78.27cm) as compared to control (70.04cm). T. viride was significantly superior as compared to other treatments. Minimum disease intensity per cent and production of wheat was recorded in treatment Propiconazole@ 0.1% (18.24% and 37.00q/ha respectively) followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens@ 0.5% (20.51% and 30.44q/ha), as compared to control (43.18% and 20.41q/ha). Propiconazole was significantly superior as compared to other treatments.
Keywords
Agale, R.C., Kadam, J.J., Joshi, M.S., Borkar, P.G., 2014. Symptomatology of purple blotch disease of onion and exploration of fungicides, phtoextract and bio-agents against causal fungus Alternaria porri. Int. Dail. J. Species, 11(31), 63-69.
Ainsworth, G.C., Haworth, D.L., Suttahi, B.C., 1973. Dictionary of the fungi. Commonwealth Mycology Institute, Kew, United Kingdom.
Aneja, K.R., 2003. Experiment in microbiology, plant pathology and biotechnology. New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers. New Delhi, 147-156.
Anuj, M., Rajib, C., Rand Jagatpati, T., 2013. Alternaria pathogenicity and its strategic controls. Res. J. Biol., 1(1), 01-09.
Babana, A.H., Amadou, H.D., Kadia, M., Traoré, D., 2012. Investigations on fungicidal sensitivity of Trichoderma spp. and Sclerotium rolfsii (collar rot pathogen) in crossandra. Int. J. Appl. Bio. Pharm. Techonol., 2(2), 290-293.
Bhoyar, P.R., Chandankar, V.D., Bagde, V.L., Dipali, B., Borkar, Sonone, J.S., 2014. Studies on seed borne mycoflora and effect of Bio-agents and fungicides on wheat seed health. Int. Q. J. Life Sci. Plant Pathol., 9(3), 1285-1289.
Brahma, R.N., Asir, R., Aloka, S., 1991. Efficacy of Tilt (propiconazole) on different wheat cultivars. India. Phytopathol., 44(7), 116-118.
Chattopadhyay, A.K., Bhunia, C.K., 2003. Management of Alternaria leaf blight of rapeseed-mustard by chemicals. J. Myc. Pathol. Res., 41(9), 181-183.
Chupp, C., Sherf, A.F., 1960. Vegetable diseases and their control. The Ronald Press Company, New York, USA. 267-269.
32
Conn, K.L., Tewari, J.P., 1990. Survey of Alternaria blak spot and Sclerotinia stem rot in central Alberta in 1989. Can. Plant Dis. Surv., 70, 66-67.
32
Conn, K.L., Tewari, J.P., 1990. Survey of Alternaria blak spot and Sclerotinia stem rot in central Alberta in 1989. Can. Plant Dis. Surv., 70, 66-67.
Copes, W.E., 2009. Concentration and intervals of chemicals application to control Puccinia hemerocallpdis on daylily. J. Crop Protect., 28, 24-29.
Couillerot, O., Combaret, C., Prigent, M.J., Loccoz, Y.M., 2008. Pseudomonas fluorescens and closely-related fluorescent pseudomonads as bio-control agents of soil-borne phyto pathogens. Appl. Microbiol., 48, 505-512.
Dey, U., Harlapur, S.I., Dhutraj, D.N., Suryawanshi, A.P., Badgujar, S.L., Jagtap, G.P., Kuldhar, D.P., 2012. Effet by Trois Pesticides (Hexaconazole, Bromuconazoleet Fluazifopp-butyl) surquelques Métabolites PhysioBiochimiques Triticum durum. Desf. Eur. J. Sci. Res., 36(2), 260-268.
Dubin, H.J., Van, G.M., 1991. The status of wheat diseases and disease research in the warmer areas. In: Wheat for non traditional warm areas. Edited by Saunders, D.A., Hettel, G., (Fozdelguazi), Brazil. 125-145.
Dubuis, C., Keel, C., Haas, D., 2007. Dialogues of root colonizing biocontrol pseudomonads. Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 119, 311-328.
Falck, R., 1907. Wachstumgesetze, Wachstufakoren and temperature were der holzerstorenden Mycelien. 1, 153-154.
Gharib, F.A., Hegazi, A.Z., 2010. Salicylic acid ameliorates germination, seedling growth, phytohormone and enzymes activity in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under cold stress. J. Am. Sci., 6(10), 675-683.
Haas, D., De´fago, G., 2005. Biological control of soilborne pathogens by fluorescent pseudomonads. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 3, 307-319.
Halgekar, S.K., Ramachandra, C.G., Kalappanavar, I.K., 2014. Evaluated the affect of different antagonist viz. Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacilus substilis against different seed brone fungi of rice.
Int. J. Agr. Sci., 2(2), 503-504.
Int. J. Agr. Sci., 2(2), 503-504.
Hasan, M.M., 2013. Biological control of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium graminearum and Aspergillus flavus with antagonist’s of Trichoderma spp. Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol., 2(3), 1-9.
Hossain, I., Rahman, M.H., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Ahmed, F., 2001. Efficacy of fungicide and botanicals in controlling leaf blight of wheat and its cost analysis. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 4(2), 178-180.
Humpherson-Jones, F.M., Phelps, K., 1989. Climatic factors influencing spore production in Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola. Ann. Appl. Biol. Sci., 114, 449-458.
Islam, M.T., Faruk, A.N., 2008. Effect of selected soil amendments on seed germination, seedling growth and control of damping-off of chilli seedlings. J. Sher-e-Bangla Agr. Univ., 2(2), 12-16.
Kabir, M.H., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Islam, M.R., Chowdhury, M.S., 2007. Effect of physical and chemical seed treatments on leaf spot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and yield of wheat. World J. Agr. Sci., 3(3), 306-315.
Kalappanavar, K., Patidar, R.K., Kulkarni, S., 2008. Management strategies of leaf rust of wheat caused by Puccinia recondite f sp. Tritici Rob. ex. Desm Karnataka J. Agr. Sci., 21(1), 61-64.
Kalmesh, M., Gurjar, R.B.S., 2002. Evaluation of different fungal antagonistic, plant extracts and oil cakes against Rhizoctonia solani causing stem rot of chilli seedlings. Ann. Pl. Protect. Sci., 10(2), 319-322.
Kaushik, R., Sharma, N., Swami, N., Sihag, M., Goyal, A., Anuj, P., Chawla, P., 2013. Physico-chemical properties, extraction and characterization of gluten from different Indian wheat cultivars. Res. Rev. J. Crop; Crop Sci.,
2(1), 37-42.
2(1), 37-42.
Kavina, J., Gopi, R., Panneerselvam, R., 2012. The effect of different triazole compounds, viz. difenoconozole (DIZ) and propiconazole (PPZ) treatments on the antioxidant potentials of Gloriosasuperba. Agr. Sci. Digest, 20(3),
193-194.
193-194.
Khan, M.A., Ilyas, M.B., 1996. Effect of foliar applied fungicides on wheat varieties infected by Puccinia recondite f.sp. tritici and Drechslera sorokiniana. J. Agr. Sci., 1(1), 7-11.
Kulkarni, G.S., 1924. Reported of the work done in plant pathology section during the year 1922-23. Ann. Rept. Dep. Agr., Bombay Presidency, 167-171.
Kumar, A.K., Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Sankar, B., 2006. In the present investigation, the impact of hexaconazole (HEX) and paclobutrazol (PBZ), triazole fungicides, on the leaf anatomy of Chinese potato (Solenostemon
rotundifolius Poir, J.K. Morton) was studied. Indian J. Agr. Sci., 78(6), 513-517.
rotundifolius Poir, J.K. Morton) was studied. Indian J. Agr. Sci., 78(6), 513-517.
Kumar, P., Singh, F., Kumar, R., Hussain, M.F., Ajay, P.S., 2014. Effect of temperature on performance of wheat varieties under Semi-arid conditions of Uttar Pradesh. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol., 3(5), 551-552.
Kumar, R.N., Mukherjee, K.C., 1996. Integrated disease management future perspective advances in botany. APH Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. 335-347.
Malaker, P.K., Mian, I.H., 2009. Effects of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat. Bangladesh J. Agr. Res., 34(3), 425-434.
Malaker, P.K., Mian, I.H., 2009. Effects of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat. Bangladesh J. Agr. Res., 34(3), 425-434.
Maleki, M., Mostafaee, S., Mokhtarnejad, L., Farzaneh, M., 2010. Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CV6 isolated from cucumber rhizosphere in Varamin as a potential biocontrol agent. Aust. J. Cr. Sci. 4(9), 676-683.
Manu, T.G., Nagaraja, A.C., Janawad, S., Vinayaka, Hosamani, 1994. The impact of propiconazole (Tilt 250EC) on the growth and the breading of hard wheat isolated roots (Triticum durum, GTA dur and Vitronvarieties). Afr.
J. Agr. Res., 2(8), 370-373.
J. Agr. Res., 2(8), 370-373.
Meena, P.D., Chattopadhyay, C., Singh, F., Singh, B., Gupta, A., 2002. Yield loss in Indian mustard due to white rust and effect of some cultural practices on Alternaria blight and white rust severity. Brassica, 4, 18-24.
Nagarajan, S., Kumar, J., 1998. Foliar blights of wheat in India In: Helminthosporium blights of wheat, spot blotch and tan spot edited by Duveiller, E., Dubin, H.J., Reeves, J., McNab, A., Proceedings of an International Workshop Held at CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F. 52-58.
Nene, Y.L., Thapliyal, P.N., 1993. Fungicides in plant disease control 3rd edition. Oxford and I B H. Publishing Co., Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 526-531.
Parashar, M., Nagarajan, S., Goel, L.B., Kumar, J., 1995. Report of the co-ordinated experiments 1994-95. Crop Protection, AICWIP, Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal:206.
Parveen, S., Kumar, V.R., 2001. Studies on the seed-borne nature of leaf blight of wheat. J. Mycol. Plant Pathol., 31(3), 292.
Percival, J., 1921. The wheat plant. A monograph. E.P. Dutton & Company. New York, USA, 463p.
Percival, J., 1921. The wheat plant. A monograph. E.P. Dutton & Company. New York, USA, 463p.
Prabhu, A.S., Prasada, R., 1970. Investigations on the leaf blight disease of wheat caused by Alternaria triticina. Indian Phytopathol., 23(1), 19-27.
Rahman, M.M., Ali, M.S., Nahar, Karim, M.M., Begum, K., 2013. Efficacy of fungicides in controlling leaf blight of wheat. Int. J. Expt. Agr., 3(1), 1-3.
Rahman, M.M., Deb Barma, N.C., Malaker, P.K., Khan, A.A., 2009. Integrated management for the bipolaris leaf blight and foot and root rot diseases of wheat. Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod., 4(1), 1-4.
Ramachandra, C.G., Kalappanavar, I.K., 2006. Non-chemical management strategy for leaf blight of dicoccum wheat. Int. J. Agr. Sci., 2(2), 503-504.
Rathi, A.S., Singh, D., 2009. Integrated management of Alternaria blight and white rust in Indian mustard. Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, Haryana, India.
Rathi, A.S., Singh, D., 2009. Integrated management of Alternaria blight and white rust in Indian mustard. Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, Haryana, India.
Rosyara, U.R., Sharma, R.C., Shrestha, S.M., Duveiller, E., 2005. A study of pathosystems. Management by Chemicals. In: Lucas, J.A., Bowyer, P., Anderson, H.M., (Eds.), Wallingford: CAB International publishing, 34(2),
316-331.
316-331.
Saari, E.E., Wilcoxson, R.D., 1974. Plant disease situation of high-yielding dwarf wheats in Asia and Africa. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 12(2), 49-68.
Sanjay, G., Ashok, K., 2006. Azadirachta indica leaf extract induces resistance in sesame against Alternaria leaf spot disease. J. Cell Mol. Biol., 5, 81-86.
Sapirstein, H.D., David, P., Preston, K.R., Dexter, J.E., 2007. Durum wheat bread making quality: Effects of gluten strength, protein composition, semolina particle size and fermentation time. J. Cereal Sci., 45, 150-161.
Shivankar, S.K., Shivankar, R.S., Nagone, A.H., 2000. Evaluation of fungicides against Alternaria leaf blight of wheat. Indian J. Sci., 32(2), 243-249.
Shrestha, K.K., Timla, R.D., Mahato, B.N., Bim, H.B., 1998. Disease incidence and yield loss due to foliar blight of wheat in Nepal. In: Helminthosporium blights of wheat. Indian J. Mycol. Plant Pathol., 23(5), 112-116.
Singh, D., Maheshwari, V.K., 2001. Biological seed treatment for the control of leaf blight of wheat. India. Phytopathol., 54(4), 457-460.
Singh, D.P., Sharma, A.K., Pankaj, Chowdhury, A.K., Singh, K.P., Mann, S.K., Singh, R.N., Kalappanaver, I.K., Tewari, A.N., 2008. Management of leaf blight of wheat (Triticum aestivum) caused by Bipolaris sorokinana and Alternaria triticina in different agroclimatic zones using an integrated approach. Indian J. Agr. Sci., 78(6), 513-517.
Singh, R., 2009. Plant diseases. Oxford and ibh Publishing Co. Pvt. ltd. 147-160.
Singh, R., Sengar, R.M.S., Singh, S., 2012. Foliar blights of wheat include the leaf blight and blotches which are caused by Alternaria and Helminthosporium species respectively. Indian J. Sci., 1(2), 39-41.
Singh, S.K., Srivastava, K.D., Singh, D.V., 2004. Pathogenic behaviour of leaf blight organisms on wheat. Indian Phytopathol., 57(3), 319-322.
Singh, S.K., Srivastava, K.D., Singh, D.V., 2004. Pathogenic behaviour of leaf blight organisms on wheat. Indian Phytopathol., 57(3), 319-322.
Singh, V.K., Singh, G., Bhattacharya, P.M., 2005. Incidence of Helminthosporium leaf blight of wheat and biochemical back-ground of disease resistance in the Eastern Gangetic plains. J. Wheat Res., 3(1), 26-28.
Sokhi, Joshi, L.M., 1972. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 12(2), 108-109.
Sunita, M., Srikanta, D., 2013. Bio-efficacy of botanicals against Alternaria leaf blight of mustard under field condition. International Publishing, 8(2), 675-679.
Sunita, M., Srikanta, D., 2013. Bio-efficacy of botanicals against Alternaria leaf blight of mustard under field condition. International Publishing, 8(2), 675-679.
Valkonen, J.P.T., Koponen, H., 1990. The seed-borne fungi of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis), their pathogenicity and control. Plant Pathol., 39, 510-516.
Vijayalakshmi, K., Radha, K.S., Vandana, S., 1995. Neem a user’s manual, foundation for science, technology, and natural resource policy, New Delhi. 96p.
Vincent, J.M., 1927. Distortion of fungal hypha in presence of certain inhibitor nature. 159, 850.
Waghe, K.P., Wagh, S.S., Kuldhar, D.P., Pawar, D.V., 2015. Evaluation of different fungicides, bioagents and botanicals against Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria helianthi of sunflower. Afr. J. Agr. Res., 10(5), 351-358.
Wieser, H., 2007. Chemistry of gluten proteins. Food Microbiol., 24, 115-119.
Zobaer, A.S.M., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Chowdhury, M.S.M., Miah, M.S., 2007. Effect of seed sorting, solarization and treatment with vitavax-200 and hot water on leaf spot disease and yield of wheat. Bangladesh J. Seed Sci.
Techonol., 11(1&2), 11-15.
Techonol., 11(1&2), 11-15.
)
