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Effect of corm size and plant population density on corm yield of Taro (Colocasia Esculenta L.)
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 198, Shashemene, Ethiopia
2 Hawassa University, College of Plant Sciences, Department of Horticulture, P. O. Box 05, Ethiopia
10.18869/IJABBR.2015.405
Abstract
Taro (ColocasiaesculentaL. Schott) is a perennial root crop that belongs to Araceace family. It is widely cultivated as a staple food in Africa, Asia and pacific Islands. Despite its importance, there is limited information on many aspects of the crop. In order to obtain data that can support improved and sustainable taro production, a field trial was conducted to study the effects of corm size and plant population density on the growth and corm yield of taro (variety Boloso-1) was investigated during 2007cropping season. The experiment consisted of five-corm size (50, 51-100, 101-150, 151-200 and 201-250g) and five levels of planting densities (15037, 29629, 45454, 60606 and 74074 plants/ha) arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that corm size had a highly significant (p<0.001) influence on plant height, leaf number, shoot number , leaf area index, corm and cormels number/plant, corm and cormels yield/ha of taro. All the parameters were increased with increased in corm size. Plant population density exertsignificant influence (p<0.001) on all the studied parameter except on plant height and number of leaf/plant.The interaction effect of corm size and population density was none significant on all the studied parameters. The highest average corm yield/ha (44.07 t/ha) was achieved at a population of 60,606 plants/ hausing seed corms having 51-100g. These could be recommended for farmers in production area similar with the study site.
Keywords
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Asfaw, K., Waga, M., 2004. Boloso-1 a potential taro variety to change livelihood of farmers in the Southern Ethiopia. Areka Agricultural Research Center.African Highland Initative S/N/N/P/R/G. Agricultural Institute.1.
Ball, R.A., Purscell, L.C., Vories, E.D., 2000. Short season soybean yield compensation.
CSA (Central Agricultural Census Commission), 2003. Ethiopian agricultural sample enumeration, 2001/02 (1994 E.C): result at country level. Statistical report on Socio- economic characteristics of the population in
Agricultural households, land use, area.
Edossa, E., Zenebe, W., Abate, G., 1995. Determination of inter- and intra-row spacing for taro (Colocasia esculenta) tuber at Jimma. Sebil. In: Proceedings of the sixth annual conference of the Crop Science Society of
Ethiopia, A.A. Ethiopia. 158-161.
EMA (Ethiopia mapping Authority), 1988. National Atlas of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Fred, B., Makeati, U., 2001. Crop Profile for Taro in American Samoa. ASCC Land Grant Program. Pago Pago. (http://www.nass.usda.gov/census).
Gendua, P.A., Risimeri, J.B., Maima, J.B., 2000. The effect of planting density on the marketable corm yield of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.)Schott). Bubia Resarch station, Nati. Ag. Res. Instit. (NARI) Morobe PNG. Printed in:
NARI. 764-767.
Goenaga, R., Chardon, U., 1995. Growth, yield and nutrient uptake of taro grown under upland conditions. J. Nut., 18(5), 1037-1048.
Gomez, K.A., Gomez, A.A., 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research 2nd ed. John Willy and Sons., inc., New York. 680.
Gregory, C.R., 2004. Dasheen: research in Dominica to address constraints production. A Copmpilation of CARDI Research Papers, CARDI Review, Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute 4: 2-9
Harris, P.M., 1978. The potato crop the scientific basis for improvement Department of Agriculture and Horticulture Reading University London. 279323.
Herbert, S.J., Hill, G.D., 1978. Influence of row and plant density on growth and seed yield of Langustifolius cv. Unicrop. J. Aust. Agr, Sci., 120-123.
Lynch, D.R., Rowberry, R.G., 1977. Population density studies with Russet Burbank, II: The effect of fertilization and plant density on growth, and development and yield. Am. Potato. J., 54, 57-71.
Misra, R.S., Nedunchezhezhiyan, M., 2004. Commercial cultivation and production of quality planting materials of yams and aroids. College of Agriculture, Dhol, Muzaffarpur, Biha., In NSRTC I. National Seminar on Root and Tuber Crops. Indian. Soc. Root. Crop. Regional Center of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute.
Mulugeta, T., 2007. Effect of type of planting material and population density on corm yield and yield components of Taro (Colocasia Esculenta L.)
Onwueme, I.C., 1978. The tropical tuber crops. Yam, Cassava, Sweet potato and cocoyams. John Willy and Sons New York. 199-211.
SAS (Statistical Analysis System), 2002. SAS/STAT. Guide Version 9. SAS,Institut Inc. Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Silva, J.A., Coltman, R., Paull, R., Arakaki, A., 1992. Response of Chinese taro to nitrogen fertilization and plant population. In: Workshop on Taro and Tanier Modeling, Honolulu, HI. 8–14 Aug. 1991. Res. Ext. Ser. 136.
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resource, University of Hawaii. Honolulu. 13-16.
Simon, A., 1992. Taro root in North Omo Region. Farmers Research Project. Technical Pumplhlet No 2, Farm Africa, Addis Ababa, 15.
Tamiru, 2005. Effect of plant population and harvesting time on growth and dry matter production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).
Volume 3, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
November and December 2015Pages 405-412
- Receive Date 30 December 2015
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