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Determination of optimum transplanting time for chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 198 Shashemane, Ethiopia
10.26655/ijabbr.2016.6.2
Abstract
Performance of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) was evaluated on twelve transplanting dates that were arranged at 30 days interval; during 2013-2014 on experimental field of Wondo Genet agricultural research center; using RCBD design with three replications. Transplanting time exerted a very highly significant (p<0.0001) influence on plant height, flower yield and essential oil yield; essential oil content was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by transplanting time. The performance of chamomile and the amount of rainfall received on the first month of transplanting showed significant (<0.05) positive relationship with regression coefficient of (0.16). The amount of heat units received during the entire growth periods didn’t showed significant relationship with the performance of chamomile. The highest and lowest flower yield was obtained from July and December transplanted chamomile respectively. Fresh flower yield varied from 0.8 t/ha to 3.84 t/ha; and the essential oil yield varied from 1.19 kg/ha to 5.56 kg/ha due to the influence of transplanting time. Transplanting chamomile during dry hot season resulted in up to 79 percent flower yield reduction as compared to wet and cool season transplanted chamomile. Chamomile showed high sensitivity to the absence of rainfall associated with higher heat units during the first month of establishments on the field. According to the results transplanting chamomile during moist and cool months is highly recommended in order to obtain maximum flower and oil yield.
Keywords
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Razmjoo, K., Parisa, H., Mohammad, R., 2008. Effects of salinity and drought stresses on growth parameters and essential oil content of Matricaria chamomile. Int. J. Agr. Biol., 451-454.
Singh, O., Zakia, K., Neelam, M., Manoj, K.S., 2011. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview. Pharmacognosy Reviews. Jan-Jun; 5(9), 82–95.
Srivastava, J., Eswar, S., Sanjay, G., 2010. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with a bright future (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 3, 895-901.
Bettery, G., Vomel, A., 1992. Influence of temperature on yield and active principles of Chamomilla recutita under controlled conditions. Acta. Horticulture., 306, 82-87.
Dadkhah, A.R., 2010. Effect of salt stress on growth and essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla. Res. J. Biological. Sci., 5(10), 643-646.
Ebrahimi, A., Payam, M., Alireza, T., Hossein, A.F., 2011. Effects of temperature and varieties on essential oil content and quantity features of chamomile. J. Agr. Ext. Rural, Dev., 3(2), 19-22.
Hussain, A., Anwar Sherazi, T., Przybylski, R., 2008. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. J. Food. Chem., 108, (3) 986–995.
Iuliana, T., Tabara, V., 2007. On the behavior of some national and foreign cultivars of Chamomile in the conditions of S.D.E Timisoara. Banats Agricultural and Veterinary University, Romania.
Mohammad, H.S., Ghorban, N., Jafar, M.S., Naser, K., Narges, Y., Mohammad, T.D., 2004. Effects of planting time and plant density on flower yield and active substance of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), In: New
directions for a diverse planet, Proceedings for the 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 September – 1 October.
Naderidarbaghshahi, M., Alireza, J., Babak, B., 2013. German chamomile yield at the different sowing date in intercropping with saffron. Int. J. Farm. Alli. Sci., 2(21), 880-884.
Pirzad, A., Mohammad, R.S., Saeed, Z.S., Seyed, A.M., Hashem, H., Reza, D., 2011. Effects of irrigation regime and plant density on harvest index of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Aus. J. Agr. Eng., 2(5) 120-
126.
Razmjoo, K., Parisa, H., Mohammad, R., 2008. Effects of salinity and drought stresses on growth parameters and essential oil content of Matricaria chamomile. Int. J. Agr. Biol., 451-454.
Singh, O., Zakia, K., Neelam, M., Manoj, K.S., 2011. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview. Pharmacognosy Reviews. Jan-Jun; 5(9), 82–95.
Srivastava, J., Eswar, S., Sanjay, G., 2010. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with a bright future (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 3, 895-901.
Volume 4, Issue 2
May and June 2016Pages 133-137
- Receive Date 08 June 2016
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