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Sequencing And Bioinformatics Analysis of the Partial Promoter Region of Κ-Casein (CSN3) Gene in Iranian Bacterianus and Dromedaries Camels
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
κ-casein is a glycosilated protein belonging to a family of phosphoproteins (αs1,β, αs2,κ) that represents the major protein component in mammalian milk. κ-casein plays an essential role in the case of micelle stabilization, determining the size and the specific biological function. In the present study, we report the characterization of the partial sequence of κ-casein promoter region in the Iranian Bacterianus and Dromedaries camels. κ-casein partial promoter fragment (1212 bp) was successfully amplified, and sequenced. The sequence analysis results showed that there was a high homology (>95%) in the region of sequenced camel partial promoter fragment and related sequences in the vast range of species. Furthermore, four and three haplotypes observed in Bacterianus and Dromedaries camels, respectively.
Keywords
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Caroli A., Chiatti F., Chessa S., Rignanese D., Bolla P. and Pagnacco G. (2006). Focusing on the goat casein complex. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 3178–3187.
Ramunno L., Cosenza G., Rando A., Pauciullo A., Illario R., Gallo D., Di Berardino. And Masina, P. (2005). Comparative analysis of gene sequence of goat CSN1S1 F and N alleles and characterization of CSN1S1 transcript variants in mammary gland. Gene, 345, 289–299.
Caroli A.M., Chessa S. and Erhardt G.J. (2009). Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: effect on animal breeding and human nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 92, 5335–5352.
Pauciullo A., Shuiep E., Cosenza G., Ramunno L. and Erhardt G. (2013).
Molecular characterization and genetic variability at κ-casein gene (CSN3) in camels. Gene, 513(1), 22- 30.
Ward T.J., Honeycutt R.L. and Derr J.N. (1997). Nucleotide sequence evolution at the k-casein locus: evidence for positive selection within the family bovidae. Genetics, 147, 1863–1872
Zaton M. (1999). Importance of kappa-casein polymorphism for cattle breeding. Prace Mater Zootech. 54, 7-19.
Jann O. C., Prinzenberg E. M., Luikart G., Caroli A. and Erhardt G. (2004). High polymorphism in the kappa-casein (CSN3) gene from wild and domestic caprine species revealed by DNA sequencing. Journal of Dairy Research, 71, 188-195.
Prinzenberg E. M., Jianlin H. and Erhardt G. (2008). Genetic variation in the kappa -casein gene (CSN3) of Chinese yak (Bosgrunniens) and phylogenetic analysis of CSN3 sequences in the genus Bos. Journal of Dairy Science. 91, 1198-1203.
Prinzenberg E. M., Gutscher K., Chessa S., Caroli A. and Erhardt G. (2005). Caprine kappa-Casein (CSN3) Polymorphism: New Developments in Molecular Knowledge. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 1490-1498.
Ceriotti G., Chessa S., Bolla P., Budelli E., Bianchi L., Duranti E. and Caroli, A. (2004). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ovine casein genes detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 2606-2613.
Corral J. M., Padilla J. A. and Izquierdo M. (2010). Associations between milk protein genetic polymorphisms and milk production traits in Merino sheep breed. Livestock Sci. 129, 73-79.
Ramunno L., Cosenza G. and Rando A. (2004). goat ߙS1-casein gene: gene structure and promoter analysis. Gene. 334, 105–111.
Yahyaoui M.H., Angiolillo A., Pilla F., Sanchez A. and Folch, J.M. (2003). Characterization and genotyping of the caprine j-casein variants. Journal of Dairy Science. 86, 2715–20.
Heck J. M. L., Schennink A., and van Valenberg H. J. F. (2009). Effects of milk protein variants on the protein composition of bovine milk. Journal of Dairy Science. 92( 3), 1192–1202.
Prinzenberg E. M., Weimann C. and Brandt H. (2003). Polymorphism of the bovine CSN1S1 promoter: linkage mapping, intragenic haplotypes, and effects on milk production traits. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(8), 2696–2705.
Szymanowska M., Malewski T. and Zwierzchowski L. (2004).Transcription factor binding to variable nucleotide sequences in 5′- flanking regions of bovine casein genes. International Dairy Journal, 14( 2),
103–115.
Farah Z., Mollet M., Younan M. and Dahir R. (2007). Camel dairy in Somalia: limiting factors and development potential. Livestock Science, 110, 187–191
Al-haj O.A. and Al Kanhal H.A. (2011). Compositional, technological and nutritional aspects of dromedary camel milk. International Dairy Journal, 20, 811–821.
Rijnkels M. (2002). Multi specie comparison of the casein gene loci and evolution of casein gene family. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 7, 327–345.
Caroli A., Chiatti F., Chessa S., Rignanese D., Bolla P. and Pagnacco G. (2006). Focusing on the goat casein complex. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 3178–3187.
Ramunno L., Cosenza G., Rando A., Pauciullo A., Illario R., Gallo D., Di Berardino. And Masina, P. (2005). Comparative analysis of gene sequence of goat CSN1S1 F and N alleles and characterization of CSN1S1 transcript variants in mammary gland. Gene, 345, 289–299.
Caroli A.M., Chessa S. and Erhardt G.J. (2009). Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: effect on animal breeding and human nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 92, 5335–5352.
Pauciullo A., Shuiep E., Cosenza G., Ramunno L. and Erhardt G. (2013).
Molecular characterization and genetic variability at κ-casein gene (CSN3) in camels. Gene, 513(1), 22- 30.
Ward T.J., Honeycutt R.L. and Derr J.N. (1997). Nucleotide sequence evolution at the k-casein locus: evidence for positive selection within the family bovidae. Genetics, 147, 1863–1872
Zaton M. (1999). Importance of kappa-casein polymorphism for cattle breeding. Prace Mater Zootech. 54, 7-19.
Jann O. C., Prinzenberg E. M., Luikart G., Caroli A. and Erhardt G. (2004). High polymorphism in the kappa-casein (CSN3) gene from wild and domestic caprine species revealed by DNA sequencing. Journal of Dairy Research, 71, 188-195.
Prinzenberg E. M., Jianlin H. and Erhardt G. (2008). Genetic variation in the kappa -casein gene (CSN3) of Chinese yak (Bosgrunniens) and phylogenetic analysis of CSN3 sequences in the genus Bos. Journal of Dairy Science. 91, 1198-1203.
Prinzenberg E. M., Gutscher K., Chessa S., Caroli A. and Erhardt G. (2005). Caprine kappa-Casein (CSN3) Polymorphism: New Developments in Molecular Knowledge. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 1490-1498.
Ceriotti G., Chessa S., Bolla P., Budelli E., Bianchi L., Duranti E. and Caroli, A. (2004). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ovine casein genes detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 2606-2613.
Corral J. M., Padilla J. A. and Izquierdo M. (2010). Associations between milk protein genetic polymorphisms and milk production traits in Merino sheep breed. Livestock Sci. 129, 73-79.
Ramunno L., Cosenza G. and Rando A. (2004). goat ߙS1-casein gene: gene structure and promoter analysis. Gene. 334, 105–111.
Yahyaoui M.H., Angiolillo A., Pilla F., Sanchez A. and Folch, J.M. (2003). Characterization and genotyping of the caprine j-casein variants. Journal of Dairy Science. 86, 2715–20.
Heck J. M. L., Schennink A., and van Valenberg H. J. F. (2009). Effects of milk protein variants on the protein composition of bovine milk. Journal of Dairy Science. 92( 3), 1192–1202.
Prinzenberg E. M., Weimann C. and Brandt H. (2003). Polymorphism of the bovine CSN1S1 promoter: linkage mapping, intragenic haplotypes, and effects on milk production traits. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(8), 2696–2705.
Szymanowska M., Malewski T. and Zwierzchowski L. (2004).Transcription factor binding to variable nucleotide sequences in 5′- flanking regions of bovine casein genes. International Dairy Journal, 14( 2),
103–115.
Volume 2, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
May and June 2014Pages 1719-1725
- Receive Date 31 July 2014
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