MSRT,ISC
37
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A Novel Method for Human Astigmatism Formulation and Measurement
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Biological Department of Kerman Institute for Educational Research
2 Kerman Graduate University of Advanced Technology
Abstract
Astigmatism’s defect has not yet been formulated in Physics and medical physics books theoretically. In this paper, we are trying to formulate the astigmatism’s defect. The results of formulation show that “the degree of astigmatism is negative reverse the distance that vision’s condition of astigmatism’s chart lines change conditions in dimness angle from dimness condition at infinite distance or the farthest vision’s distance to clarity condition at that angle”. Secondly, the degree of astigmatism which has been theoretically formulated is measured with a lens with a special focus. To read the degree of astigmatism faster, we have tried to let the machine show the degrees automatically
Keywords
Subjects
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Mas,D.,Espinosa,J.,Domenech,B.,Perez,J.,Kasprzak,H.T.,Illueca,C.,(2009). Correlation Between The Dioptric Power, Astigmatism And Surface Shape Of The Anterior And Posterior Corneal Surfaces. Ophthalmic And Physiological Optics, 29, 219-226 .
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Mierdel,P.,Kaemmerer,M.,Mrochen,M.,Krinke,H.,Seiler,T.(2001).Ocular Optical Aberrometer For Clinical Use. J. Biomed. Opt. 0001;6(2):200-204.
Montano, Z. (2002).Mexican Symposium On Medical Physics. Medical Physics. Melville, NY: American Institute Of Physics.
Sanchez-Thorin, J. C., Rocha, G. (2003). Surgical Correction Of Astigmatism. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Seideman, A., Guirao, A., Artal, P., Schaeffel, F. (1999).Peripheral Sphere And Astigmatism Measured By Infrared Photoretinoscopy And By Double Pass Point Spread. In.(1999).Vision Science And Its Applications. OSA Technical Digest (Optical Society Of America, Washington DC) : 224-227.
Ventura,L.,Sousa, SJF.,Castro,JC.(1998).Detection System For Ocular Refractive Errors Measurements. Physics In Medicine And Biology, (43):1303-1316 .
Wei,X.,Heugten,V.,Thibos,L.(2009).Validation Of A Hartmann-Moiré Wavefront Sensor With Large Dynamic Range. Opt. Express 17, 14180-14185.
Xu,N.,Kee,C.,Zhou,Y.,Zheng,Y.,Liu,L.(2009).Repeatability Of A Video Keratography System Specially Designed For Measuring Corneal Astigmatism In Animals With Small Eyes.Journal Of Biomedical Engineering.05.
Brown,B.H.,Brown,B. H. (1999). Medical Physics And Biomedical Engineering. Bristol: Institute Of Physics Pub.
Chang-Tai,Xu., Shan-Qu,Li., Yong-Gang, Lü.,Bo-Rong,P.(2011).development Of Biomedical Publications On Ametropia Research In Pubmed From 1845 To A Bibliometric Analysis Int J Ophthalmol. 4(1): 1–7.
Crundell, M., Proctor, K.(2003). Medical Physics. London: John Murray.
David,A.,Atchison.(2006). Optical Models For Human Myopic Eyes, Vision Research.46(14):2236-2250.
Diaz,JA.,Fernandez-Dorado,J., Sorroche,F.(2012). Role Of The Human Lens Gradient-Index Profile In The Compensation Of Third-Order Ocular Aberrations. J. Biomed. Opt. 0001;17(7):075003-1-075003-11.
Espinosa,J.,et al.(2010).Optical Surface Reconstruction Technique Through Combination Of Zonal And Modal Fitting. Journal Of Biomedical Optics. 15( 2) : 026022.
Gekeler,F.,Wattam-Bell,J.,Schaeffel,F.(1996).Measurement Of Human Astigmatism With Infrared Photoretinoscopy. Investigative Ophthalmology And Visual Science 37, 3313.
Gills, J. P.(2003). A Complete Guide For Correcting Astigmatism: An Ophthalmic Manifesto. Thorofare, N.J: Slack.
Hollins, M. (2001). Medical Physics. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes.
Jafarzadehpur, E., Mozafari-Kermani, R., Mohhamadi, A., Nateghi, M., Shahzade Fazeli,A.,Gurabi,H. (2012). Refractive Error And Fixation Conditions Of Infants Born By Assisted Reproductive Techniques.
Zahedan Journal Of Research In Medical Sciences. 14 (4):11-14.
Liliane, V., Jacques,j.,Groote1,D., Paula, S.,Sidney,J.,Faria,E.,Sousa.(2009). Keratometry Device For Surgical Support Biomedical Engineering 8:37.
Lotmar,W(1971).Theoretical Eye Model With Aspherics. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61:1522-1529.
Mas,D.,Espinosa,J.,Domenech,B.,Perez,J.,Kasprzak,H.T.,Illueca,C.,(2009). Correlation Between The Dioptric Power, Astigmatism And Surface Shape Of The Anterior And Posterior Corneal Surfaces. Ophthalmic And Physiological Optics, 29, 219-226 .
Michael,G. (2012). Astigmatism -Optics, Physiology And Management. Intech, Chapters Published February 29, Under CC BY 3.0 License.
Mierdel,P.,Kaemmerer,M.,Mrochen,M.,Krinke,H.,Seiler,T.(2001).Ocular Optical Aberrometer For Clinical Use. J. Biomed. Opt. 0001;6(2):200-204.
Montano, Z. (2002).Mexican Symposium On Medical Physics. Medical Physics. Melville, NY: American Institute Of Physics.
Sanchez-Thorin, J. C., Rocha, G. (2003). Surgical Correction Of Astigmatism. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Seideman, A., Guirao, A., Artal, P., Schaeffel, F. (1999).Peripheral Sphere And Astigmatism Measured By Infrared Photoretinoscopy And By Double Pass Point Spread. In.(1999).Vision Science And Its Applications. OSA Technical Digest (Optical Society Of America, Washington DC) : 224-227.
Ventura,L.,Sousa, SJF.,Castro,JC.(1998).Detection System For Ocular Refractive Errors Measurements. Physics In Medicine And Biology, (43):1303-1316 .
Wei,X.,Heugten,V.,Thibos,L.(2009).Validation Of A Hartmann-Moiré Wavefront Sensor With Large Dynamic Range. Opt. Express 17, 14180-14185.
Xu,N.,Kee,C.,Zhou,Y.,Zheng,Y.,Liu,L.(2009).Repeatability Of A Video Keratography System Specially Designed For Measuring Corneal Astigmatism In Animals With Small Eyes.Journal Of Biomedical Engineering.05.
Volume 1, Issue 8 - Serial Number 8
July and August 2013Pages 874-884
- Receive Date 17 August 2014
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