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Effect of Ascorbate and Gibberellin on Some Morphological Traits and Relative Water Content in Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.) Under Different Levels of Salinity Stress
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 M. Sc Student in agronomy, Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate professor of Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Medicinal Plants Research Association and Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of ascorbate and gibberellin on some morphological traits and relative water content of medicinal plant fenugreek in different levels of salinity, an experiment was carried out in Shahr- e - Rey branch of Islamic Azad University in October 2012. The experiment was arranged as factorial experiment in the basis of completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental factors included four salinity levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 mM), three ascorbate levels (0, 3 and 6 mM) and two gibberellin levels (0 and 2 mM). The results showed that, the simple effect of salinity, gibberellin and ascorbate on experimented traits were significant. Except double effects of gibberellin and ascorbate on stem length, leaf area interaction effects of salinity and ascorbate on relative water content, all double and triple interaction effects on experimented traits were not significant. The findings of the salinity simple effects indicated that, increase in salt concentration reduced the amount of concerned traits. So that the lowest biomass, vegetative growth and RWC were obtained in salinity by 90 mM. Gibberellin and ascorbate application could decrease adverse effects of stress, so that, by spraying these compounds on the plant, an increase was observed in leaf vegetative growth and relative water content.
Keywords
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Betrand, A. M., Ernstsen, A. (2001). Endogenous gibberellins in Lolium perenne and influence of defoliation on their contents in elongating leaf bases and in leaf sheaths. Physiologia Plantarum. 111,123-231.
Billaud, C., Adrian, J. (2001). Fenugreek: Composition value and physiological properties, Saponins. flavonoids, phenol compounds and lipid peroxidation in Pimpinella anisum L. 25 (4): 456-469. (In Persian).
Habibolahi, N., Mahdiyeh, M., Amirjani, M. (2012). Effect of salt stress on growth, proline, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosystem II efficiency in salt-sensitive and -tolerant rice cultivars. Journal of Plant Biology. 4 (13): 85-96. (In Persian).
Hayashi, T., (1961). The effect of gibberellins treatment on the photosynthesis activity of plants. Sixth International conf. plant Growth Regulation. 579-587.
Hedden, P., Proebsting, W.M. (1999). Genetic analysis of gibberellins Biosynthes is.Plant Physiol 119:365-370.
Hoseibi, P.F., Moradi, V., Nabipoor, M. (2009). Effects of Low Temperature on Antioxidant Mechanism sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes at seedling stage. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 10(3): 262-280.
Huang, C. He, W. Gua, J. Change, X., Su, P. and Zhang, L., (2005). Increased sensitivity to salt stress in an ascorbate-deficient Arabidopsis mutant. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56(422);3041- 3049.
Janzen, H. H., (1988). Comparison of barley growth in naturally and artificially salinized soil. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 68, 795-798.
Javadipoor, Z., Movahedi dehnavi, M., Baloochi, H. (2012). Change in proline, soluble sugars, Glycine betaine and soluble protein content of six varieties of (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to salinity stress. Process and plant director. 1 (2): 1-12. (In Persian).
Kaya, M., Ipek, D. A. (2003). Effects of different soil salinity levels on germination and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turk J Agric For 27: 221-227.
Kusaka, M., Lalusin, A. G., Fujimura, T., 2005. The maintenance of growth andturgor in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) cultivars with different root structures and osmo-regulation under drought stress. Plant Science 168: 1-14.
Lindon, R.F. (1996). Based cell. Morvarid Publication.
Mostafa, Kh., Heidariyan, A. (2012). Effects of different salinity levels on germination indices in four sunflower varieties. Journal of Agronomy. 8 (4): 123-131. (In Persian).
Najafpoor Navai, M. (1994). About the herb Fenugreek. Vezarate Jahade Sazandegi. Education and research forests. (In Persian).
Noori, K., Omidi, H., Torabi, H., Fotoukiyan, M. (2011). Effect of soil and water salinity on the flowers, compounds soluble, salt content and quality of the essential elements (Matricaria recutita L.).
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Pastori , G. M. Kiddle, G. Antoniw , J. Bernard , S. Veljovic Joranavic , S. Verrier, P.J. Noctor,
G., Foyer, C.H. (2003). Leaf vitamin C contents modelate plant defense transcripts and regulate genes that control development through hormone signaling. Plant cell. 15:939-951.
Pazoki, A., Rezai, H., Habibi, D., Paknezhad, F. (2012). Effect of water stress, foliar ascorbate and gibberellin on some morphological traits, cytoplasmic membrane stability, and relative water content (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy. 8(1): 1-13. (In Persian).
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Rosales, M. A., Ruiz, J. M., Hernandez, J., Soriano, T., Castilla, N., Romero, L. (2006).
Antioxidant content and ascorbate metabolism in cherry tomato exocarp in relation to temperature and solar radiation. J Sci Food Agric 86: 1545-1551.
Salami, M., Safarnezhad, A., Hamidi, H. (2004). Effect of salinity stress on morphological characters of Cuminum cyminum and Valeriana officinalis. Khorasan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. 72: 77-83.
Schonfield, M. A. R. C., Johnson, B. F., Carver D. W. (1988). Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance indication. Crop Sci. 28: 526-531.
Sheydai, S., Zahedi, M., Mirmohamadi, M. (2010). Effect of salinity on dry matter accumulation ion distribution in five gebotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Crop Science. 4: 811-819. (In Persian).
Siripornadulsild, S., Traina, S., Verma, D.P.S., Sayre, R.T., (2002). Molecular mechanisms of proline-mediated tolerance to toxic heavy metals in transgenic microalgae. Plant Cell. 14:2837–2847.
Smirnoff, N., Wheeler, G.L. (2000). Ascorbic acid in plants: biosynthesis and function. Critical.Reviewof Plant Sciences, 19: 267-290.
Asadi Kavan, Zh., Ghorbanli, M., Sateei, A. (2008). The effect of drought stress and exogenous ascorbate on photosynthetic pigments.
Betrand, A. M., Ernstsen, A. (2001). Endogenous gibberellins in Lolium perenne and influence of defoliation on their contents in elongating leaf bases and in leaf sheaths. Physiologia Plantarum. 111,123-231.
Billaud, C., Adrian, J. (2001). Fenugreek: Composition value and physiological properties, Saponins. flavonoids, phenol compounds and lipid peroxidation in Pimpinella anisum L. 25 (4): 456-469. (In Persian).
Habibolahi, N., Mahdiyeh, M., Amirjani, M. (2012). Effect of salt stress on growth, proline, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosystem II efficiency in salt-sensitive and -tolerant rice cultivars. Journal of Plant Biology. 4 (13): 85-96. (In Persian).
Hayashi, T., (1961). The effect of gibberellins treatment on the photosynthesis activity of plants. Sixth International conf. plant Growth Regulation. 579-587.
Hedden, P., Proebsting, W.M. (1999). Genetic analysis of gibberellins Biosynthes is.Plant Physiol 119:365-370.
Hoseibi, P.F., Moradi, V., Nabipoor, M. (2009). Effects of Low Temperature on Antioxidant Mechanism sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes at seedling stage. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 10(3): 262-280.
Huang, C. He, W. Gua, J. Change, X., Su, P. and Zhang, L., (2005). Increased sensitivity to salt stress in an ascorbate-deficient Arabidopsis mutant. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56(422);3041- 3049.
Janzen, H. H., (1988). Comparison of barley growth in naturally and artificially salinized soil. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 68, 795-798.
Javadipoor, Z., Movahedi dehnavi, M., Baloochi, H. (2012). Change in proline, soluble sugars, Glycine betaine and soluble protein content of six varieties of (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to salinity stress. Process and plant director. 1 (2): 1-12. (In Persian).
Kaya, M., Ipek, D. A. (2003). Effects of different soil salinity levels on germination and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turk J Agric For 27: 221-227.
Kusaka, M., Lalusin, A. G., Fujimura, T., 2005. The maintenance of growth andturgor in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) cultivars with different root structures and osmo-regulation under drought stress. Plant Science 168: 1-14.
Lindon, R.F. (1996). Based cell. Morvarid Publication.
Mostafa, Kh., Heidariyan, A. (2012). Effects of different salinity levels on germination indices in four sunflower varieties. Journal of Agronomy. 8 (4): 123-131. (In Persian).
Najafpoor Navai, M. (1994). About the herb Fenugreek. Vezarate Jahade Sazandegi. Education and research forests. (In Persian).
Noori, K., Omidi, H., Torabi, H., Fotoukiyan, M. (2011). Effect of soil and water salinity on the flowers, compounds soluble, salt content and quality of the essential elements (Matricaria recutita L.).
Omid baigi, R. (2004). Production and processing of medicinal plants. Astane Ghodse Razavi, Publication. 149(3): 397-409.
Pastori , G. M. Kiddle, G. Antoniw , J. Bernard , S. Veljovic Joranavic , S. Verrier, P.J. Noctor,
G., Foyer, C.H. (2003). Leaf vitamin C contents modelate plant defense transcripts and regulate genes that control development through hormone signaling. Plant cell. 15:939-951.
Pazoki, A., Rezai, H., Habibi, D., Paknezhad, F. (2012). Effect of water stress, foliar ascorbate and gibberellin on some morphological traits, cytoplasmic membrane stability, and relative water content (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy. 8(1): 1-13. (In Persian).
Rademacher, W. (2000). Gibberellin formation in microorganisms. Plant Growth Regulator 15, 303-314.
Rosales, M. A., Ruiz, J. M., Hernandez, J., Soriano, T., Castilla, N., Romero, L. (2006).
Antioxidant content and ascorbate metabolism in cherry tomato exocarp in relation to temperature and solar radiation. J Sci Food Agric 86: 1545-1551.
Salami, M., Safarnezhad, A., Hamidi, H. (2004). Effect of salinity stress on morphological characters of Cuminum cyminum and Valeriana officinalis. Khorasan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. 72: 77-83.
Schonfield, M. A. R. C., Johnson, B. F., Carver D. W. (1988). Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance indication. Crop Sci. 28: 526-531.
Sheydai, S., Zahedi, M., Mirmohamadi, M. (2010). Effect of salinity on dry matter accumulation ion distribution in five gebotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Crop Science. 4: 811-819. (In Persian).
Siripornadulsild, S., Traina, S., Verma, D.P.S., Sayre, R.T., (2002). Molecular mechanisms of proline-mediated tolerance to toxic heavy metals in transgenic microalgae. Plant Cell. 14:2837–2847.
Smirnoff, N., Wheeler, G.L. (2000). Ascorbic acid in plants: biosynthesis and function. Critical.Reviewof Plant Sciences, 19: 267-290.
Volume 1, Issue 11 - Serial Number 11
November and December 2013Pages 1436-1451
- Receive Date 20 August 2014
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