International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research

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A Review of the Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Support Resources for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Africa

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Cynthia Bamford 1
Abdul-Wahab Chiemina Bakariwie 2
Rahma Titilayo Fatawu 3
Sandra Obeng 4
Hakeem Seidu-Aroza 5

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Volta River Authority Hospital, Akosombo, Eastern Region, Ghana

2 Department of Internal Medicine, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana

3 Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, HopeXchange Medical Centre, Kumasi, Ghana

4 Department of Internal Medicine, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

5 Department of Internal Medicine, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Ghana

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2025.2050348.1565
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent challenges in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. While global awareness of ASD has grown, Africa remains as one of the least studied and supported regions regarding its prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and support systems. This review synthesizes current knowledge on ASD in Africa, addressing key areas such as prevalence rates, diagnostic challenges, treatment approaches, and support resources. Factors influencing prevalence estimates include socio-cultural beliefs, limited healthcare infrastructure, and diagnostic inconsistencies. The present review highlights the critical role of culturally adapted diagnostic tools, the integration of evidence-based practices with traditional healing, and the potential of community-based interventions to address resource gaps. Recommendations emphasize the need for comprehensive national policies, capacity building in healthcare, and public education campaigns to reduce stigma. The review concludes with a call for multidisciplinary research, inclusive education policies, and scalable technological solutions to improve ASD outcomes in Africa. This synthesis provides a foundation for advancing ASD care and inclusion, contributing to the global agenda for equitable healthcare.

Graphical Abstract

A Review of the Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Support Resources for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Africa

Keywords

Autism Spectrum Disorder
Africa
Prevalence
Diagnosis
Treatment
Support resources

Subjects

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International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume 13, Issue 4
July and August 2025
Pages 448-471

  • Receive Date 10 January 2025
  • Revise Date 19 February 2025
  • Accept Date 12 March 2025

Article View 42,760
PDF Download 9,312

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